Trusses For Sheds (31 Photos): Calculation Of Metal Arcs. How To Weld Them From A Profile Pipe With Your Own Hands? Description Of Species

2024 Author: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-18 12:09

A canopy farm is a structure that you can easily build with your own hands. However, in this case, you should carefully follow the manufacturing technology in order to ultimately get the desired result. Today in our article we will take a closer look at the areas of use of trusses for sheds, the existing types of such structures, as well as the rules for installing frames with our own hands.

Description and purpose

In fact, canopy trusses are a frame that consists of several elements. So, the basis of this design is two belts (one upper and one lower). These belts are reinforcements in relation to the upright posts.

Besides, the base reinforces the diagonal braces . The unification of all elements of the truss is carried out by a welding process. If this design is created according to all the rules, then it has a high level of reliability, safety and long service life.

Canopy trusses are used for a wide variety of purposes. Let's take a look at some of them.

• Organization and arrangement of parking lots for motor vehicles . In this case, farms for sheds can become a more budgetary analogue of capital garage-type buildings. In addition, their construction will require much less time and effort.
• The device of the visors . Shed trusses can be used to create canopies for commercial enterprises, stops, etc. In addition, structures are actively used to create canopies over the threshold in private buildings.
• Construction of gazebos . Arrangement of gazebos with trusses is one of the most popular ways to use these structures. So, you can create a gazebo both in your garden and in the country, and within the public park area.
• Creation of a shed for the pool . Such structures will protect your pool from excess debris entering it, as well as from precipitation that can contaminate the treated pool water.
• Organization of sheds for household purposes . With these structures, you can equip various pens for livestock, for example, for chickens or pigs.

As you can see, the scope of use of farms for sheds is quite wide - thanks to this, designs are common and popular among owners of private households, and are also often used for arranging public areas. Generally speaking, canopy trusses can be made from a wide variety of materials . However, the most suitable raw material is metal. It is he who provides high strength, safety and reliability of structures.

So, most often they use metal pipe products, which are characterized by a rectangular or square section. This is due to the fact that this material has many advantages.

The main ones include the following characteristics

• High level of durability . This characteristic is ensured by the presence of specially designed stiffeners. This is largely influenced by the fact that the cross-section of metal pipes is square or rectangular, and not round (the latter option can be easily bent if desired).
• Affordable cost . Due to the fact that this material is relatively budgetary (which is due to the rather simple technology of its production), its purchase is available to almost everyone, even with a small income. Experts recommend giving preference to hot-rolled products.
• Comfort of use . Due to the fact that the cross-section of metal pipes is square or rectangular, it has a high level of convenience during operation. This is primarily due to the use of connecting bolts and specialized welding equipment. In addition to metal pipes, lumber can be used to create canopy trusses. Despite the fact that this option has unconditional advantages (among them - the manufacturing prostate), it is rarely used in practice.

Species overview

Wooden trusses or structures made of metal arcs (or just metal) come in many different types. So, for example, wrought iron trusses for sheds are popular, but wooden structures are usually used less often. It should be borne in mind that canopy trusses can be of various sizes. Let's consider the most popular ones.

Rectangular

They are relevant in the event that a rather large load will be placed on the metal frame. In order to build such a structure, it will be necessary to connect 4 pipes. In this case, it is imperative to place spacers between the pipes. Bolted joints or special connectors can be used as a unifying material . Welding can also be used.

As mentioned above, the rectangular design is designed for heavy loads . In this regard, farms can be combined, for example, in stands. To create rectangular trusses, you can use both ordinary metal pipes and reliable stainless material.

Arched

The arched type of construction is considered the most convenient. Due to the shape of the structure, it is possible to hide bending lines in the cross-sections of the frame.

If you decide to build a similar truss for a canopy, then you must take into account the fact that the arch material is compressed, and therefore all calculations will need to be made according to a special principle.

The weight of the roof, battens and snow load will be equally distributed throughout the canopy.

Flat

Flat canopy trusses are one of the cheapest to manufacture. The maximum area load is 50 square meters, respectively, such a structure is intended exclusively for home use.

Triangular

When equipping a triangular truss for a canopy, it must be remembered that this structure is gable in terms of its characteristics, while the slope of the sides is 22-30 degrees. The installation of such a farm is relevant in those regions where there is a large amount of snowfall.

At the same time, it is worth remembering that this design has some disadvantages, namely, the presence of a sharp knot, which is located at the base, as well as the presence of long central supports. These elements significantly complicate the drawing up of the drawing and the construction diagram.

Thus, when arranging your own farm for a shed, you should carefully consider the choice of the optimal form of the structure.

Calculation

Before you start equipping a farm for a shed, you should carefully calculate all the necessary distances (for example, the height and length of the structure). Follow the standard instructions.

• It is worth making sure that the length of the canopy truss frame is the same as the span that overlaps the profile.
• The height of the structure is determined based on the angle you choose and the shape of the truss. So, for example, if you want to build a triangular type of structure, then its height should be in the range from 1/5 to ¼ of the length; for a rectangular type, this indicator should be 1/8.
• The grille in relation to the belt should be installed at an angle, and this angle can be from 35 to 50 degrees.
• In order to correctly calculate the gap between the nodes, it is necessary to take into account the width of the panel. These indicators must be the same.
• If the truss is very long (more than 25 meters), you will have to erect a special construction hoist. For it, it is necessary to carry out separate calculations in order to determine the load level and select the most suitable size of the profile pipes.

It should be borne in mind that in some cases you will have to carry out not only standard, but also special calculations, which are based on your individual projects.

How to do it yourself?

You can try to properly weld a truss for a canopy from a profile pipe, from fittings or other materials with your own hands (and the size of the truss can be different: for example, 4, 5, 6 or even 8 meters). In this case, the main thing is that the manufacturing process corresponded to pre-drawn drawings and diagrams.

If you decide to create a canopy on your own and at home, then you should carefully read such a document as SNiP 2.01.07-85 . It covers in detail and settles all the issues that relate to the creation of a canopy. In order to obtain a satisfactory final result, the rules of the above official document must not be neglected - this can lead to inaccuracies and defects.

In addition, before proceeding to practical actions, preliminary theoretical training should be carried out. So, for example, you should decide on the shape of the truss, as well as the size of the pipe section. At the same time, experts recommend that you be sure to focus on the climatic conditions of the region in which you live.

You should also decide on the dimensions (length, height, width, etc.), indicators of slopes and angles, etc . After the preliminary work is completed, as well as all the necessary calculations have been carried out, you should start drawing up a drawing and diagrams that will become the basis of your future structure.

At the same time, the documentation must be drawn up as carefully and carefully as possible, so as not to redo the structure later.

In the process of building a farm for a canopy with your own hands, you need to follow simple instructions drawn up by specialists. For example, we will give a phased plan for the construction of a rectangular truss measuring 4 by 6 meters.

• First of all, you should cut the racks, which will be the base and hold the entire structure. Since the length of the truss is 6 meters, then you will need 6 racks (1 rack per 1 meter). At the same time, experts recommend giving preference to a profile pipe measuring 80 by 80 mm or 100 by 100 mm.
• At this stage, the prepared supports must be placed in the soil (approximately 80 centimeters deep). They also need to be reinforced with concrete. As for the direct location of the racks, 4 of them should be located at the edges, and the remaining 2 should be placed in the center of the long beams. In this case, care should be taken to ensure that the load is distributed as evenly as possible. So, to achieve this result, it is recommended to install the racks not at the very corners, but after stepping back a little.
• As for the height of the racks, it depends on your individual needs. First of all, it is necessary to consider for what purposes you will use the canopy in the future. In the process of installing the support posts, it is important to set them at the same level - this is the only way in the end you will get the most even roof of the canopy.
• In some cases, it is appropriate to install a canopy next to the brick wall of the house. In this case, the function of supports on the side of this wall can be performed by embedded ones, which are located in the supporting structure at the same level as the concreted supports on the other side.
• The farm itself must be assembled on the ground. So, elements such as the lower and upper beams, as well as vertical posts, which must be fixed by welding, are combined. It is also important to weld the diagonal lintels.
• Since the canopy is 6 meters long, it should consist of 6 trusses. After all the structures are created, between their supports, you need to stretch long longitudinal beams, which combine the three racks in a row.
• The trusses are raised and welded at a distance of 1.5 meters from each other.
• The next step is to fasten the trusses using specially designed cross bridges. They should be fastened every 0.5 meters along the entire length of the upper belt.
• At the end, you need to carefully clean the seams - this needs to be done with a grinder.
• Next, the entire structure needs to be painted.