2024 Author: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-18 12:09
Despite the availability of thousands of ready-made models of musical centers in stores, the consumer is not satisfied with almost none of the proposed ones. But the music center is easy to make with your own hands - even using cases from a long-time obsolete technology.
Tools and materials
For models assembled "from scratch" use:
- set of speakers for a stereo system;
- ready-made mp3 player;
- ready-made radio receiver (it is advisable to choose a professional model);
- computer (or homemade) power supply;
- a ready-made pre-amplifier with an equalizer (a device from any musical equipment, for example: an electric guitar, a DJ sampler, a mixer, etc., will do);
- radio parts for the amplifier - according to the selected scheme;
- cooling radiators or fans for the amplifier;
- enamel wire for filters of multi-lane columns;
- network wire ШВВП (2 * 0, 75 sq. mm.);
- non-combustible cable KSPV (KSSV, 4 * 0, 5 or 2 * 0, 5);
- 3, 5-jack connectors for connecting speakers.
A passive speaker - usually a subwoofer - is suitable as a finished enclosure, which is easy to disassemble and remake, possibly replacing the top, bottom and side walls with longer ones. Guided by the drawing at. It will be difficult to install an amplifier and a power supply in "satellites" (high-frequency speakers) - a radiator or cooling fans will take up a lot of space. If the center is small, use the body and supporting structures from the car radio. For a self-made case you need:
- chipboard, MDF or natural wood board (the latter option is the most preferable - unlike MDF, where there are often voids);
- furniture corners - will allow you to make the structure easily disassembled;
- sealant or plasticine - eliminates cracks, making the structure impervious to the air pressure produced by the speaker;
- damping material for speakers - eliminates the effect of resonance;
- epoxy glue or "Moment-1";
- anti-mold impregnation, waterproof varnish and decorative paint;
- self-tapping screws, bolts and nuts, washers of suitable sizes;
- rosin, soldering flux and solder for soldering iron.
Instead of paint, you can also use a decorating film. Of the tools you will need:
- classic installer's set (drill, grinder and screwdriver), a set of drills and a cutting disc for wood, a grinding disc for metal and a set of bits are included;
- locksmith's set (hammer, pliers, side cutters, flat and figured screwdrivers, a hacksaw for wood), you may also need hexagons of different sizes;
- to facilitate and speed up sawing, you will need and jigsaw;
- soldering iron - it is advisable to use a device with a power of no more than 40 W; for the safety of the work carried out, you will need a stand for it;
- sandpaper - is needed in places where it is not possible to approach with a grinder.
Ideal if the home craftsman has a lathe. He will help you to perfectly make any rotating elements.
Step-by-step instruction
If there is no finished case, start with making the speakers. It is more convenient to make both cases at once.
- Mark and saw the board (according to the drawing of the column) on its future walls.
- Drill corner holes in the right places … If the board is smooth, sand the areas that will be glued with sandpaper or a sanding disc.
- Spread some epoxy glue and glue some speaker boards to each other or connect them with corners.
- A speaker that is active requires a separate space for the power supply and amplifier … If the power is placed in the central unit, cutting out the seventh wall for one of the speakers is not required. In this case, make a case for the main unit according to a separate drawing - ideally, when its height and depth match the dimensions of the speakers. This will give the entire stereo system a finished look.
- In the main unit, use partitions made of the same (or thinner) plywood to separate the compartments for the power supply, amplifier, radio, mp3 player and equalizer . The finished radio housing undergoes the same refinement. Assemble all enclosures (speakers and main body) - without installing the front and top faces.
If you use ready-made electronic modules, all that remains is to place them in the right places
- For volume controls, equalizer, USB-port of an mp3-player, radio module tuning knobs and stereo amplifier outputs (to speakers) drill, saw out technological holes and slots in the front wall of the main body .
- Solder the hooking wire e to the inputs and outputs of the electronic modules, label them.
- Place each of the electronic units in its own compartment e. For the electronic module of the mp3 player and the power supply board, you will need rack-mount screws. As a last resort, they will be replaced by long screws with additional nuts and engraving washers that hold them. It is better to make the attachment heads from the outside (bottom, back) hidden so that they do not scratch the surfaces on which the center itself stands. It is advisable not to modify the receiver - it already has a stereo output, all that remains is to supply power to it.
- Align the technological slots and holes with the knobs of the regulators , switches, etc.
- Connect all devices according to the structural diagram.
To build your speakers, stick to your plan
- Saw holes in the front edges for the speakers (along their radius) . The speakers should fit into them freely.
- Solder the wires to the speaker terminals.
- If the column has two or more lanes - make separation filters … To do this, cut pieces of plastic pipe according to the drawing - the desired length. Sand their ends with sandpaper. Cut out the sidewalls for the bobbin frame, and also strip out the places with which they will be glued. Spread some epoxy glue and glue the sides of the coils to the main body. You can replace epoxy glue with hot melt glue - it hardens in a few minutes. After the glue has hardened, wind the required number of turns of the enamel wire onto these spools. The diameter and cross-section of the wire are also determined by the schematic diagram of the column. Assemble the crossover - the coils are connected to the capacitors in a typical low-pass filter circuit.
- Connect the speakers to the assembled filters … Lead out the common cable from each speaker by drilling a hole on the side (from the side of the main unit) or behind it. To prevent the cable from accidentally pulling along with the careless movement of the connection, tie it into a knot before passing it through the hole. For speakers with a power of more than 10 W, a ballscrew wire with a cross section of 0.75 sq. mm.
- Connect the speakers in test mode to the newly assembled main unit of the music center.
Experience the sound quality that the entire system puts out. Additional debugging may be required.
- When wheezing, insufficient or excessive volume level, incomplete reproduction of low, mid and high frequencies is detected adjustment of the equalizer, debugging of the amplifier will be required … Check the quality of the radio reception from the radio receiver board - you may need a radio frequency amplifier to cope with the uncertain reception of radio stations. Check the operation of the mp3-player - it should play tracks clearly, the buttons should not stick.
- If the radio reception is not clear - an additional antenna amplifier is required . The greatest demand is for radio amplifiers for cars - they consume a current of 12 V. The amplifier is placed on the side of the antenna input.
- After making sure that the assembled music center works well, Insulate the remaining soldered wire and cable connections .
Close and reassemble the columns and main unit. The music center is ready to go.
Useful Tips
When soldering active radio components (diodes, transistors, microcircuits), do not hold the soldering iron at one point for too long. Semiconductor radio components receive thermal breakdown when overheated. Also, overheating peels off the copper foil from the dielectric substrate (glass fiber base or getinax).
In a car radio, an mp3 player is placed instead of a cassette deck or an AudioCD / MP3 / DVD drive - space allows.
In the absence of a standard receiver the ideal solution would be external connection of Tecsun or Degen brand radios - they provide reception at a distance of up to 100 km from FM repeaters. High quality stereo sound in headphones speaks for itself.
In the music center for the home, a separate shelf on the front panel with bumpers is assigned to the receiver, smartphone or tablet. This will keep it intact.
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