2024 Author: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-18 12:09
On average, one healthy apple tree lives 80-100 years. Quite a long time, and one can imagine how many generations the tree will feed with fruits during this time. True, the harvest does not always follow the harvest, and the years without fruit greatly upset the owners of the apple tree. It is necessary to understand what the reasons are and whether it is possible to help the tree.
Main reasons
They can be very different: from the fact that the tree is still just young and it is too early to bear fruit, to the fact that the owners, for example, on the site are new, bought it and did not ask the previous owners how old the trees are.
That is why the apple tree does not bear fruit
- Young tree . Each variety bears fruit in its own time, and there is no need to average all varieties, demanding from them the objectively impossible. The tree may well turn out to be from the variety that bears fruit only in the sixth year. Or even seventh. For example, "Anise scarlet" or "Autumn striped" bear fruit rather late.
- Lacks cross-pollination … If the apple tree grows alone, the problem is likely. But there are very few areas with a lonely apple tree. Only on the farm, in the wilderness, this is found. And yet, although a rare option, you can consider it.
- Poor maturation of flower buds . This happens with southern varieties, which decide to plant in the northern regions. The flowers will be weak, the period for pollination will be small, which means that the number of ovaries will be small. And also the kidneys ripen poorly if there is a lot of nitrogen in the soil.
- The attack of the flower beetle . This is the name of the weevil larva. The fact that the attack of the pest has begun will be seen by the drops of sugary liquid on the buds. Having slept during the winter, the weevil will crawl onto the branches, lay eggs in the flower buds, and there the larvae will take over. Therefore, the buds will be underdeveloped.
- High standing groundwater . This is fraught with root rot, as well as the absence of important generative buds. These buds are fruit buds. Vegetative buds will undertake to compensate for this, but the apple tree will just be green. The problem “it doesn’t bloom” often lies precisely in the water level.
- There is little iron in the soil . In this case, the tree will be poor in flowers, and sometimes they will not appear at all.
- Sunburn . Then the apple tree will be fruitful only on one side.
Fruiting may not be absent at all, but be irregular. Often this is due to the commonplace mistakes of gardeners who choose varieties that are unsuitable for a particular region.
And then the tree physically cannot adapt to the climate, temperatures, and humidity levels. For example, it will not survive frost, for which the variety is not designed.
Of course, there may be a problem in illiterate care … If you do not follow the tree, do not water at the right time, do not prevent the aggravation of diseases and attacks of pests, it will begin to hurt and age quickly. And to grow old quickly means to strive to leave offspring faster, which will be expressed by a large number of flowers and small, sour fruits. And if such a season happens, then even the owners who took up the restoration of the tree will be able to see the next harvest only in 2-3 years.
Features of some varieties
Sometimes varieties are chosen purely for taste. Well, maybe even decorative . This is called a "pig in a poke" and an experienced gardener will never do it. It is necessary to clarify for which regions this variety is. If these are not southern regions, then you should pay attention to frost-resistant varieties. Of course, some take risks and even get a harvest, but it will not last that long: a tree cannot spend energy on fruiting and not resisting frost.
And also you need to check with the seller such a characteristic as early maturity. If the variety is "written" that it begins to bear fruit in the fifth year, is it worth it to despair if the tree did not give anything in the third year. As many know, there are varieties that bear fruit in a year (Antonovka, Grushovka).
When choosing a variety, specify the optimal growing region, soil and temperature requirements. If the site is purchased, do not forget to check with the owners about the varieties of fruit trees, the last period of fruiting, the presence / absence of diseases, the age of the trees.
How to solve a problem?
The tree itself cannot "be capricious", nature is such that the apple tree must leave a legacy. In a sense, this is her goal. And if there is no inheritance, then the tree is bad and something needs to be done.
The first method is banding
- In late spring - early summer, at the base of the skeletal branch, it is necessary to remove the bark (a ring a couple of centimeters wide) . Then turn this bark "upside down", attach to the cut out place, wrap with foil. In about 2 months this film is to be removed. The bark will already firmly adhere to the trunk.
- The purpose of such an event is to change the outflow of nutrients , which means, in the bookmark of flower buds.
- But all skeletal branches cannot be ringed , a massive outflow of food will lead to the fact that the tree will starve. He is even threatened with death.
- The ring is cut exactly as indicated, 2 cm thick … If you cut more, you might lose the branch.
This is not to say that with the help of ringing, you can make the plant bear fruit quickly. In about the second or third year, the results will be noticeable.
The second method is to change the orientation
- In the first days of May, the branches that grow upward are turned over horizontally . You can install a spacer system between the trunk and the shoot, you can pull the branch down with a rope. And this system is maintained until the end of the summer season, then the clips are removed.
- The ropes are not tied to the top of the shoot, otherwise it will bend in an arc . That is, instead of one effect, the opposite will appear: tops will grow on the “hump”, but the kidneys will not form. The rope is knitted somewhere in the middle of the branch.
This method, although very simple, is not suitable for every tree: it is good for young apple trees. It is almost impossible to peel back thick and old branches.
Or maybe the point is in the thickening of the crown. And then the apple tree may not give a normal harvest for 5 years, or even 10 years . She needs pruning, which is carried out in the off-season. First, old dry branches (as well as deformed, injured ones) are removed, then those that grow incorrectly. Next, they take up thinner branches, already growing from the main ones. This will have a positive effect on the fruiting of the tree.
If the plant does not have enough iron, it can be fed with it . For example, using copper sulfate. With this tool, the tree is sprayed in early spring. And to protect the apple tree from burns, which can also negate all fruiting, the tree trunk should be whitewashed.
Experienced gardeners recommendations
Sometimes the situation is so critical that only a transplant will save the tree. Of course, this procedure will not work with adult specimens, but apple trees that are not yet 3 years old can be helped.
A transplant (as well as planting) is also carried out in the fall or spring, the principle is the same.
Here are 10 expert tips in case the apple tree does not bear fruit
- Several rusty nails can be buried in the tree trunk circle .… The method is "old-fashioned", but it is also effective. This helps prevent iron deficiency in the tree, which often results in crop failure.
- The apple tree needs balanced feeding 3 or even 4 times a season .… Nitrogen, if they do, it is only in the spring, when bud breaks start, and leaves begin to form. During flowering, the tree will need superphosphate and mineral fertilizers. In the fall, organic matter will be introduced into the trunk circle, which will help the apple tree to transfer the cold.
- After sanitary pruning - the time of disease prevention . This will be spraying with products that will leave no chance for pests.
- Of the pests, enemy number 1 is the apple blossom beetle , it settles in young buds, feeds on their juice, which can prevent the flowers from opening.
- If the apple tree is columnar, it does not bear fruit, most likely due to the lack of pruning . This is not uncommon for this variety. If a dwarf apple tree does not have a crop, it may be due to the excessive deepening of the seedling. Or nutritional imbalance. In the pyramidal apple tree, the lack of a crop can also be associated with pruning.
- It's never too late to read about varieties, learn new and valuable things . And then the already desperate gardener suddenly learns that the absence of fruit even in the tenth year of the Red Delicious variety is quite the norm. "Antonovka" and "Welsey" may not produce apples even in the seventh year, but at the age of 3, apples will appear only in early-growing varieties (for example, in Wellspur).
- Poor flowering of an apple tree may well be associated with fungal diseases . If it is scab and milky sheen, it is important not to overlook their fatal spread.
- If, in the process of planting an apple tree, its root collar turns out to be underground, this will be the main mistake … It will lead to decay of the tree and its possible death.
- If the apple tree has grown, it threatens the parent plant . It is to be excavated at the base, uprooted from the parent. After the procedure, the roots are covered with earth.
- It is imperative to carry out ash feeding: 2 kg of ash for each square meter of the crown, and this is added to the soil. This has to be done every year.
May the harvest be timely and generous!
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