Dismantling Of Boiler Rooms: Boiler, Metal And Brick Chimneys. How To Dismantle Other Equipment?

2024 Author: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-18 12:09

In order to disassemble the boiler room, you need to seriously prepare: study SNiP 2-35-76 "Boiler plants", the resolution "Safety rules for the operation of smoke and ventilation industrial pipes", which describes the entire process of liquidation of the boiler plant. With whom is the demolition coordinated, how many stages does the whole process consist of? And because of what the need to dismantle the boiler room may arise?

Dismantling features

Dismantling the boiler room is considered the most difficult process, since there are many different structural elements of increased strength. Almost the entire process consists of the following stages:

• coordination of liquidation in the necessary services;
• making measurements;
• turning off the fuel supply with the coordination of the process with state supervisory authorities;
• turning off the water supply;
• analysis of boiler equipment;
• analysis of premises;
• analysis of the chimney;
• territory clearing with garbage collection.

Before the dismantling process, documentation is drawn up, which contains the following points:

• recognition of inoperability;
• protective measures for the building to be demolished;
• dismantling method;
• calculation of the blockage zone;
• determination of the degree of damage to engineering networks.

The main difficulty in disassembling a boiler plant - parsing a chimney - arises from the height and the use of various materials.

Dismantling the boiler of boiler rooms in the same way occurs under the guidance of specialists and is strictly regulated.

The ways

There are several ways to disassemble a boiler pipe. Why pipes? They are the most difficult of all the premises as a whole, because the premises are usually no higher than one floor, and the pipe, as we noted above, is a rather tall structure made of different materials. Let's take a closer look at each of the methods.

Industrial mountaineering method

A method of disassembly, in which the chimney is disassembled by workers manually, and the process goes from top to bottom . The process is very laborious, time consuming, but also the safest way. In addition, there is no unnecessary bureaucracy with the registration of permits. Also, manual parsing does not harm the structures located near the boiler room.

With the help of specialized equipment

This method is also called "pipe roll ". It is used when demolishing a pipe made of metal in several segments, but can also be used when dismantling brick or reinforced concrete structures. Rarely, when the base is cut off at the chimney, thereby provoking its fall.

Directional blast

Perhaps one of the most difficult methods in terms of obtaining various permits in government services. In addition, for the application of this method, there are a number of conditions, for example, the radius of the fall of the chimney and fragments during blasting must be at least one and a half times greater than the height of the chimney.

In this case, the collapse of the chimney occurs entirely, and there is no need for additional disassembly.

Robot manipulators

Demolition takes place with the participation of special sliding scaffolding, such robotic manipulators work remotely. The pipe is disassembled from above, going down to the base. The method is quite costly, since the management requires maintenance personnel.

Technology

The manufacture of chimneys most often occurs from materials such as metal, brick, reinforced concrete. Depending on the material, each structure must be dismantled using different methods.

Dismantling a metal pipe

To demolish the metal chimney, you will need the help of a crane . Special brackets are welded on top, a hoist hook is attached to them. If the pipe is dismantled as a whole, then bolts and metal braces that hold the chimney are cut off at the base, then using a lift it is lowered onto a special platform or next to the boiler room. If the pipe is high enough, then in addition to the crane, an aerial platform is needed. The whole process will take place in several stages.

The pipe is divided in equal parts with markings, the lugs are also welded onto which the hook of the crane is hooked, the chimney is cut along the markings, and the cut part is moved.

Then they release it onto the site, weld the eyelet to the resulting top of the edge, hook the hook, cut it off according to the marked, lower it and put it on the site. Thus, the entire pipe is dismantled.

Dismantling a brick pipe

To disassemble this type of pipes, a roll or explosive is used . The method of blasting is considered very dangerous, therefore it is necessary to ensure the safety of people by evacuation. It is also necessary to correctly calculate the explosives, to determine the places for laying the charge. The method is very fast, but at the same time complex and expensive. In addition, quite a lot of fragments are scattered from the bricks. Felling a brick chimney is time consuming, but much cheaper and less complicated. The roll is carried out in several ways.

Beating off pieces of pipe or a whole sector

With this method, special scaffolding is installed outside at a certain distance, after which the bricks are hollowed out with a tool, thereby reducing the strength of the surface. After all these manipulations, the level is broken into parts.

With the help of special props

With this option, bricks are knocked out with the installation of supports made of durable material. Further, the part that is held by the supports is demolished by heavy equipment.

Roll with the elimination of dangerous pipe parts

The pipe is disassembled in parts, starting from the very top. Fragments of masonry are dumped from the inside or outside.

The location of the site equipment depends on where it is discharged, if the discharge goes inside, then the site is installed outside and vice versa.

To speed up the parsing of a brick chimney closer to the base, heavy equipment is used.

Dismantling a reinforced concrete gas pipe

For parsing, the method of undermining or cutting sectors with diamond equipment is used. Undermining is carried out in the same way as for a brick pipe. Sections are cut in two ways.

Cross cutting on a circle

The method using a lift: the chimney is divided into sections, two grooves are cut out at the top of the section exactly opposite each other, a cable passes through them, which is attached to the lift, then the sector is cut off, lifted and placed on the site, the next sector is cut in the same way.

Longitudinal cutting

The chimney is cut from above in small pieces, cutting out either with rectangles or triangles. Discharge of cut pieces goes inward or outward.

With the parsing of equipment, everything is much easier. It is disconnected from all resources, experts disassemble the boilers and everything is taken out of the room.

Recommendations

When analyzing the boiler room, special attention should be paid to important points

• How dense the building is located next to the boiler house for demolition . Naturally, at a high density, detonation is out of the question, only analysis by the method of felling. Even if the boiler room is located in an area that is not heavily populated, the detonation can damage the nearby buildings.
• Always consider the wind rose, the curvature of the chimney pipe . Over time, cracks, holes, dropped fragments appear in almost all pipes, which will affect the deviation of the angle of incidence. Carefully study the design of the chimney, there may be gas ducts in it, which will also cause a fall deflection.
• Professional craftsmen always inspect the chimney pipe for local defects , which lead to the premature fall of the chimney from the action of impact tools.
• All work is in progress in compliance with safety regulations .

Of course, dismantling the boiler room of an apartment building differs from the demolition of a home boiler room, but not much. The stages of dismantling will be the same, but in a private house it will not be necessary to collect permits, if only for a gas heating boiler.