2024 Author: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 05:33
During the construction of residential buildings and public buildings in megalopolises, where the noise level is very high, as well as in places where winter is a long season with subzero temperatures, the issue of sound and thermal insulation becomes very acute.
Stone wool works well with these problems. One of the best manufacturers is the TechnoNIKOL company.
How is it produced?
The TechnoNIKOL brand is widely known for the quality of its products for the construction segment, in particular, for mineral insulation. It has occupied one of the leading positions in the market for a long time. Stone wool is in great demand because, thanks to modern production methods, the product has many remarkable properties.
In the existing own scientific and technical center, they conduct a deep analysis of the properties of raw materials, study technological processes and the possibilities of finished products, introduce the latest technologies, effective production methods.
For the production used rock, mainly basalt rocks. Since the quality of the final product is important for such indicators as the composition of the rock, the contained impurities, moisture, the company carefully monitors the feedstock.
The production of cotton wool takes place in several stages.
First, the raw material is placed in a special device - a furnace, where it is melted at temperatures reaching 1500 ° C. Automation monitors the melting process, and when the mass reaches the desired consistency and viscosity, it directs it to another device - a centrifuge.
In it, strong centrifugal forces act on the mass, and it disintegrates into individual fibers. At this stage, resins are added to the centrifuge, which act as synthetic binders.
Following the flow of air, the fibers are transferred to a special chamber for cooling. A variety of impurities are added to the chamber, the task of which is to improve the technical data of the resulting product. A kind of carpet is formed from the fibers, which is fed to the conveyor line.
There are several layers of fibers in the carpet, which are arranged in no particular order in relation to each other.
Such an arrangement will help to increase the strength and elasticity of the material being produced.
The carpet is pressed into a canvas. It is fed into the heat treatment chamber. When heated to 300 ° C, the added substances polymerize. Observance of high temperature is important, since the strength of the material depends on it.
At the final stage, slabs of the desired shape and size are cut from the canvas.
Where is it applied?
Stone wool has a fairly wide range of applications. A wide range of products allows you to choose the right material. Performing the function of heat and sound insulation, insulation can protect structures from destructive influences.
Cotton wool is produced in rolls and slabs, it can be of different densities, therefore it can be used both on external and internal areas of objects. The choice of material depends on:
- places where it will be installed;
- climatic features of the area;
- heat losses of the object.
To provide external thermal insulation, cotton wool with a higher density is used. It protects facades, roofs, plinths.
In other areas, basalt wool with a lower density is used.
Distinguishes between technical and industrial insulation. The first is needed when there is a possibility of very high temperatures - above 900 ° C.
Basalt insulation is used for:
- insulation on any structure or building - it can be installed horizontally, vertically, obliquely;
- insulation on plaster;
- thermal insulation of the hinged ventilated facade;
- internal insulation of protective structures;
- in sandwich panel systems, concrete panels;
- thermal insulation of the lower layer of roofing structures;
- insulation of attics, attic floors, frame walls;
- thermal insulation in the ceilings of walls and ceilings of baths and saunas;
- insulation in plumbing and chimney structures, steam and ventilation devices, in ovens.
Insulation is widely used in various industries: metallurgical, chemical and others.
Types and characteristics
The brand produces different types of cotton wool, suitable for different conditions. Each species has its own specifications. Since cotton wool varies in hardness and density and, accordingly, in areas of application, the characteristics can differ significantly for different types.
Soft cotton wool , made of thin fibers, between which there is a lot of air space, it is used to insulate frame walls, ventilated facades and other surfaces that will not be exposed to heavy loads.
Cotton wool of medium hardness has a higher density than soft. Its use is advisable to insulate ventilated facades, ventilation ducts, where there may be high-speed flows. It can be used in the same cases as soft. But since its price is higher, it will make the work more expensive.
Hard used for surfaces experiencing heavy loads. For example, it is needed to insulate the wall before reinforcement, to insulate the floor when it is filled with a warm screed.
Interesting foil option … During installation, the side with the foil faces the interior of the room and reflects heat, not allowing it to escape to the outside, which provides the effect of double thermal insulation. Foil coating can be either one-sided or double-sided. Foil wool is an almost universal material, it can be used for a wide range of works.
There are also cylindrical heaters specially designed for pipes. Their use is justified for pipes with a diameter of more than 5 cm.
Cotton wool is produced in rolls, plates, in the form of a shapeless mass. To apply this mass, pneumatic equipment is required.
Among the many materials, insulation is deservedly popular. " Master Technoblock "as it has remarkable characteristics. It is produced in slabs, the dimensions of which can be 1200x600x30 mm or 1200x600x100 mm; there are other configurations as well. This is a fairly expensive material, but its quality justifies the price.
Its advantages:
- possesses moisture resistance;
- breathable;
- it has a long service life;
- not subject to ignition;
- has sufficient density;
- it is easy to mount;
- it copes well with the functions of heat and sound insulation;
- rodents and insects do not start in it.
The material exists in three types, which differ in density.
Have " Technobloka Standard " it is 40-50 kg / m3. It shrinks by 10% under load.
Optima - denser material - 60 kg / m3. Its compression is 8%. It has a remarkable property: its shape is fully restored after exercise.
The densest - " Technoblok Prof " with a compression of 5% and a density of 65-79 kg / m3.
In household construction, "Technoblok Standard" is often used. When building housing, it is used as a central layer in layered masonry, frame walls, facades, basements, attics, garages are insulated with it. It can be easily cut with scissors or with a knife and is easy to install.
It has a good insulating effect, absorbs noise, does not react with chemicals, does not absorb moisture. He is not afraid of the effects of microorganisms and rodents.
This insulation is not flammable, however, the optimal temperatures for it are from -60 to + 200 ° C. It has a very long service life, which significantly exceeds 50 years. Technical characteristics are retained for the entire period of operation.
Before installing the insulation, the surface must be cleaned and a frame must be mounted on it for laying the thermal insulation. The adhesive composition should be applied both to the wall and to the insulation. Waterproofing is usually applied on top of the insulation, and plaster is already applied to it.
Also often used Technolight … The ruler is also available in three variations depending on the density, and is also produced in slabs with a variety of sizes.
"Technolight" is used for structures that do not experience large external loads, since the density of these heaters is less than "Technoblok". For example, Technolight Extra has a density of 30-36 kg / m3. Nevertheless, the quality does not suffer, the insulation has remarkable properties and is inexpensive.
A table in which the manufacturer enters all the necessary characteristics of materials usually helps to choose the right option.
Pros and cons
Insulation from "TechnoNIKOL" is a very popular product, as it is easy to use and has unique technical characteristics:
- provides a high level of heat and sound insulation;
- has a low thermal conductivity, which helps to retain heat in the room in winter and prevents it from overheating in summer;
- does not impede the passage of air, the "breathing" structure will provide an optimal indoor climate;
- has hydrophobic properties, protects walls from moisture and the appearance of mold and mildew;
- resistant to deformation (stone wool has a specific feature: return to its original shape after short-term compression);
- does not shrink;
- very durable;
- chemically neutral, does not interact with other substances;
- provides a high level of fire safety, since the melting point of basalt fibers is more than 1000 ° C;
- tolerates not only high, but also very low temperatures;
- has a light weight, lends itself to cutting with an ordinary knife, so installation can be done with your own hands;
- it is not subject to rotting and decay, rodents and other pests will not start in it;
- has a long service life - the manufacturer guarantees 50 years of service;
- reduces consumption and costs of electricity and heat for heating in the cold season;
- has a very reasonable price.
The material is available in hard, soft, medium hardness, differing in thread thickness and density. Rigid types can be used for structures where the insulation will be exposed to heavy loads.
Modern technologies make it possible to manufacture a product without using phenol.
This fact allows cotton wool to be considered an environmentally friendly product that does not emit toxic compounds and does not harm human health.
Therefore, the material is suitable for indoor applications.
In order for the insulation to be reliable and to serve for a long time, it is necessary to remember and observe some nuances:
- select the type of insulation with suitable characteristics for the upcoming work (for example, hard insulation is not suitable for light structures);
- follow the installation rules;
- work must be carried out in a respirator, since when cutting the cotton wool crumbles and dust forms;
- the plates must be stitched, but if there are many seams, this will worsen the thermal insulation qualities of the coating;
- the plates cannot be bent, otherwise they will break;
- when heated above 600 ° C, the material can emit into the environment substances harmful to the human body (although in reality you are unlikely to encounter such temperatures when we talk about the use of insulation for residential or domestic buildings).
Product Reviews
People leave a lot of reviews about TechnoNICOL stone wool. They are mostly positive.
First of all, buyers note the presence of a wide selection of materials provided by the manufacturer, the ability to choose the desired option, taking into account the characteristics of the building and the operating conditions. All materials meet the declared characteristics and do an excellent job with their functions.
Most often, consumers purchase Tehnoblok Standard for insulating facades, garages, attics, and Technoflor for insulating floors of various structures. They say that the insulation is easy to install and can be adjusted to size using a regular knife.
Consumers also report that the material perfectly protects against noise, does not deform over time, does not lose its characteristics.
Cotton wool reliably protects from frost in winter and from heat in summer. Many people highly appreciate such quality of stone wool as high fire safety. It is also considered a positive quality that rodents and insects do not start in the insulation.
As a disadvantage, they note the rather high cost of some materials and the need to work in respirators and protective suits, since dust is formed during cutting.
Many people think that insulation from TechnoNICOL is a good choice and recommend using this material.
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