Manual Wood Plane (29 Photos): Mini And Other Types. What Does It Consist Of? Rating Of The Best High Quality Models. How To Choose?

2024 Author: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-15 04:10

To date joinery is considered the only area where electric and hand tools are equally in demand. Many different devices are used for processing wood, but the hand plane is especially popular with craftsmen. It is on the market several types, each of which differs not only in design and price, but also in purpose.

Peculiarities

Hand planer for wood - This is a common carpentry tool that is used for high-quality processing of wooden blanks of any size. It is needed to give the details from the solid a certain shape, as well as for sampling quarters, tongue and groove, creating a straight and rough surface. In addition, this simple device allows you to reduce the size of the workpieces, for this, chips of a specific thickness are removed from their surface.

The main advantages of the tool include:

• light weight and compactness;
• the ability to obtain a high-quality and accurately processed surface of parts;
• the ability to customize workpieces to the desired size;
• lack of noise during operation;
• easy installation and adjustment of the knife;
• affordable cost.

As for the shortcomings, there are few of them: the hand plane does not have a universal set of actions and requires a lot of power inputs during the processing of blanks.

Despite the fact that recently on the modern market woodworking tools are presented electric models , which have more advantages over manual ones, craftsmen continue to choose only hand-type planers . This is due to their ease of use and the ability to withstand a certain angle of inclination.

What does it consist of?

Now on sale you can find many types of hand-type planers, with the help of which it is possible not only to quickly process the planes of wooden blanks, but also to make curly cutting. Regardless of its purpose, the plane consists of the following parts:

• body (sole);
• metal wedge;
• cutter;
• unique slice depth adjuster;
• slot (for the exit of the shavings);
• emphasis;
• horn.

The main component of the design is considered cutter Is a device that looks like a sharpened plate. The cutter is installed at the selected angle and can be adjusted (extended to the desired distance). The angle of sharpening of a knife is standard for many models, so experienced carpenters often change it for a certain type of solid wood being processed.

Of great importance in the design of the tool are also handles , the front of which has a curved shape and plays the role of a guide. The rear handle is used to create the required force during operation. Frame hand planer can be made of wood or metal. It has a special slot through which the blade extends.

When buying a tool, it is recommended to pay special attention to the flatness of the sole: if it is of poor quality, then over time it will quickly be erased or deformed.

Views

Hand-type planers can be both general-purpose and specially designed for finishing, as well as for curly cutting of wooden parts

The first type is equipped with a metal case, it is usually needed for cleaning surfaces that have not been processed before. Thanks to this device you can give the workpiece any shape , since deep planing is performed (up to 3 mm).

Planers for finishing allow you to perform a neat cleaning of wood, with their help, you can eliminate various defects.

As for the fixtures for curly cutting , then they allow you to give the workpiece a special shape.

Hand planers used for planing are of the following types

Single . It is necessary for the initial leveling of the surface of the parts. Its design includes a straight blade with a round edge. After working with this plane, no defects remain on the surface of the tree.

End . Required for "clean" machining of parts. The device consists of two blades, one of which is used for cutting shavings.

Scherhebel . Unlike the above types, this planer has a special blade positioned to the base at an angle of 45 degrees. Thanks to this, the tool allows processing of parts across the grain.

Grinder … In the design of this type, a double knife with a chip breaker is provided, it is located to the working base at an angle of 50 degrees. It is widely used when sanding wood. After this treatment, the surface is perfectly smooth.

Jointer … Typically used for quick leveling of plane, edge and finishing of solid parts. Has a slightly elongated block and chip breaker.

Tsinubeli . This type is equipped with a serrated single blade, thanks to which the surface of the wood can be corrugated. Most often, this plane is used in the preparation of parts for gluing. The grooves created by the cutter provide good adhesion when gluing the workpieces.

For flat planing also use roughing planers, which allow you to level the ends on plasterboard slabs.

After using this tool, there is no need for additional sanding of the sheet material.

For the processing of edges, various protrusions and grooves, planes are purchased specially designed only for for curly planing . Let's take a look at these tools.

Zenzubel . Thanks to such a device, it is possible not only to neatly clean the quarters, but also to additionally create folds, various grooves and rectangular cuts. This type of tool is also well suited for working with perpendicular workpieces. Its spade-shaped blade can be either oblique or straight.

Kantenhobeli . This is a special type of planer that is an edge cutter. It easily handles edges, edges and is suitable for chamfering. In addition, such a tool can be used to fine-tune the dimensions. Its main difference is the presence of a trapezoidal blade.

Tongue and groove . It is the most common type of woodworking tools, thanks to which you can quickly and efficiently create a longitudinal groove. Its design includes a groove with two pads, they are fastened together with screws. One of these blocks serves to secure the blade, and the other acts as a guide.

Federgubel . This is a multifunctional figured planer, the purpose of which is to create a longitudinal ledge along the edge. It has a replaceable knife and a multi-stage base. As a rule, the tool is widely used to create baguettes, cornices and other decorative elements.

Stap . Used to create round edges. This plane is produced with a special blade, its edge has a small depth. The stap has a special design - it has a concave sole. Due to this, when machining the ends of parts, the chips are removed with roundings. There are both professional and amateur (mini) models on sale.

Rating of the best models

Today, it is difficult to make the right choice in favor of a particular model of a plane, since this tool is presented in a huge range.

To purchase a high quality planer, it is important to consider not only its functionality, price, but also reviews about the manufacturer.

The most popular models that have proven themselves well on the market include the following planers

Stanley 1-12-034 (USA) . This planer allows you to perform high-quality processing of wooden parts, regardless of the type of wood. In its design, a special mechanism is provided, with the help of which the precise adjustment of the working angle of the blade is carried out. The base of the tool is solid, cast, which increases its service life. Thanks to the cast handles of the tool, a comfortable grip is achieved. The disadvantage is the high cost.

Sparta 210785 (India) . This model is used to create small smooth planes. Thanks to this mini-tool, it is possible to quickly cut off excess wood. The body of this planer is cast-iron, one-piece, therefore it can withstand any loads and is not subject to deformation. The design has the function of automatic centering of the knife, which is made of high-speed steel. There are no downsides.

" Stankosib-21043" (Russia) . A compact tool that is suitable for finishing folds. The base of the tool is made of high quality steel, thanks to which it can withstand quite high loads. The cut is adjusted using a special mechanism with a knurled screw. The main advantage of the planer is its compact size. The disadvantage is the high price.

We got a lot of good reviews and Japanese planes . The most popular models include Sotomaru, Harimaou and Kanetomo Kanna . They are of high quality but expensive.

How to choose?

Every professional and novice carpenter has in his arsenal of tools such a useful device as a plane. If you plan to buy it for the first time, then you need to take into account some of the nuances on which not only the convenience of work, but also the duration of the device's operation will depend in the future. When choosing a woodworking tool, you should pay attention to the following parameters.

Outsole (base) . The lower part of the joinery must be perfectly flat, free from chips or other damage. This applies to all types of planer, regardless of purpose.

Knife (blade) . Since it is the main working element in the structure, the service life of the tool and the efficiency of processing wooden parts depend on it. Experts recommend giving preference to those models in which the knife is made of tool steel. It will remain sharp for a long time and will not wear out. As a rule, for all factory planers, the blade is attached to the base without backlash, but there are also models where the knives are fixed using a special mechanism.

Handles . This element of the tool should be convenient, so it is recommended to try it out in the store. When the hands are small, it is best to choose a tool with large handles.

In addition to all of the above, it is necessary pay attention to manufacturer reviews as there are many cheap, low quality instruments on the market. To avoid buying a fake, it is best to go shopping. to specialized stores.