Motoblocks "Luch": Technical Characteristics Of The "MB-1" Walk-behind Tractor, Operating Instructions, Engine Device And Ignition Circuit

2024 Author: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 05:33

Land cultivation can only be effective when using the right tools. One of them is just a walk-behind tractor "Ray". But they must be applied meaningfully and competently, as clearly as possible.

Peculiarities

Motoblock "Luch", like many other domestic cars of recent decades, was the result of conversion. It began to be produced at the facilities of Perm Motors OJSC, which had previously dealt exclusively with the supply of helicopter engines. Consumers note that these devices:

• are relatively inexpensive and well assembled;
• can be operated at any time of the year;
• work quietly on all brands of gasoline, even on AI-76;
• are completed with the same attachments that are used for other Russian motoblocks;
• extremely rarely create problems for the owners (only occasionally there are references to the inconvenience and unreliability of individual copies).

Let's take a closer look at how exactly the walk-behind tractor of any model is arranged, regardless of size. The ignition scheme involves the use of special initiating spark plugs. In addition to them, the system includes:

• converter;
• stator;
• magnetic shoe;
• button to disable.

It is useful to consider other components using the MB-1 model as an example. This version, released back in the 1980s, is very simple in its technical structure. But such simplicity can even be considered a virtue. The clutch, which transfers the energy generated by the engine to the gearbox, is based on a pair of belts. And also the clutch has:

• leading, front and rear pulleys;
• gear pulley;
• traction;
• front and rear levers;
• special springs.

The gear unit changes the gear ratio while simultaneously transferring the rotational energy to the wheels and working tools. The MB-1 model has a chain reducer, which, in addition to chains, includes:

• body (assembled from symmetrical halves);
• switch shaft and handle for its control;
• force output shaft;
• three blocks of stars.

The steering gear, thanks to the height adjustment function, is easily adapted to specific users. The right side of the steering wheel is complemented by a lever with which the motor is controlled. This lever acts on the throttle flap through a special cable. But on the left on the steering wheel there is a forward lever connected to the pulley of the same name. Slightly lower is the reverse lever.

The transmission is capable of operating in a pair of forward and a pair of reverse gears. Wheels are the most important part of the chassis; they can be inflatable or made of solid rubber.

Attention: those farmers who want to achieve the highest effect from the equipment should change the rubber propellers to steel ones, supplemented with lugs. The motor on the walk-behind tractor of this model belongs to the DM-1 type. The supply of a mixture of fuel and air to a single cylinder occurs after its preparation in the carburetor.

The lineup

The already disassembled version of "MB-1" continues to be produced now, but with an imported 5-liter engine. with. A more advanced version is "Ray MB 5040". This model is much easier to start, and the motors placed on it allow for forced lubrication. Power has not changed compared to its predecessor. As for the modification 5141, it turned out to be extremely unsuccessful, unclaimed, and the production of motoblocks of such a model was stopped long ago.

Attachments

"Rays" are popular primarily because they allow you to use a wide range of attachments, including those suitable for other agricultural machinery. Most often, the kit includes sickle cutters. They must be assembled and installed with gloves. Before starting work, experts advise you to check if everything is correctly fixed. Detailed and up-to-date information can always be gleaned from the instructions for a particular device.

The power of "Luch" walk-behind tractors allows you to confidently use them for moving:

• trailers;
• light carts;
• adapters.

Of the carts, the TM-300 and TM-500 are best suited. There are many more compatible adapters and trailers. Important: at the time of running-in, operation under load is unacceptable. All parts of the device must first adapt to normal operation by themselves. To motoblocks "Luch" you can attach mowers of any type, both rotary and segment versions.

As practice shows, the use of lugs for plowing the land dramatically increases the efficiency of motoblocks. Depending on the choice of the consumer, the hooks are steel or made of dense rubber grades. The first option is best suited for working on the most dense and rough ground. The difference between the lugs is related to their diameter. When choosing it, it is better to focus on the size of the wheels of the walk-behind tractor.

A rare farmer uses motor vehicles without a plow . But in any case, this tool will have to be fixed correctly. Based on the experience of farmers, only the opener allows you to optimally adjust the depth of the share in the ground. For snow removal, you can use either a snow blower or a shovel. With "Luch" both auger snow blowers and various types of plows (widths from 80 to 100 cm) are combined.

On personal subsidiary plots for planting and harvesting potatoes and other root crops, all existing potato diggers and potato planters, both Russian and imported, can be used. The walk-behind tractor allows you to fix such accessories both on a rigid hitch and using bolts. The rest of the equipment can be purchased at your discretion. Allowed use:

• weighting devices;
• tracked blocks;
• special couplings (including used ones).

Subtleties of operation

Regardless of what kind of modification of the "Luch" walk-behind tractor went to the farmers, you must carefully read the instructions. It is she who will tell as accurately as possible about all the nuances of the design and handling it. You can fill gasoline of all brands in the range of AI-76 - AI-95. As for the change of the lubricating oil, it should be done every 50-100 hours. The exact time is determined individually, based on how large the load is.

At the first start, it is imperative to fill the gas tank; of course, the walk-behind tractor must be completely assembled. The running-in time is up to 20 hours. Towards the end, the gearbox and motor will adapt to the normal load. Before setting the ignition, it is imperative to check the spark plugs. It is because of them that problems and failures often arise.

Experts recommend keeping a spare candle ready at all times . If necessary, clean the candles from carbon deposits; however, both when installing new devices and when cleaning old ones, you must carefully set the gap. It should be at least 0.1 and no more than 0.15 mm. When putting a new walk-behind tractor into operation, it is imperative to adjust the carburetor. It is also carried out in the event of malfunctions and when installing a new spare part.

First of all, screw the screws on the nozzles all the way. This should be done more carefully. Then they are unscrewed back 1¼ turn. When this is done, start the engine, warm it up for 20 minutes. When reaching the operating temperature, the throttle valve is moved to a minimum.

The screw is assigned the smallest of the stable idle speed values. Then the highest stable value is sought. Repeat these steps again to ensure the stability of the device. To move the walk-behind tractor, it is imperative to turn off the engine. When the engine is running, it is very easy to damage certain parts of the apparatus.

For normal forward travel, you need to wear A-1213 belts. These belts are also suitable for "Oka" and "Cascade". In some cases, in order for the drive belts to transmit the necessary impulse, it is necessary to strengthen the gearbox. Important: When rebuilding the engine, the need to remove the flywheel does not always arise. This is only required when replacing:

• shaft;
• bearing;
• oil seal;
• dowels.

Specifications

The technical data sheet for the Luch walk-behind tractors states that their length is 150 cm with a width of 60 and a height of 100 cm. The weight of the structure reaches 100 kg. The device can drive at speeds of 3.6-9 km / h. The track width of the walk-behind tractor is 59 cm, and the ground clearance is 33 cm. The "rays" are capable of climbing a slope with a longitudinal slope of 20 degrees. For the transverse slope, the critical value is 24 degrees.

The walk-behind tractor has 2 forward and 2 reverse gears

Important: workers must wear earplugs. After all, the sound volume reaches 92 dB. The cultivator for the walk-behind tractor has a width of 72 to 113 cm. Its diameter is 36 cm.

Major malfunctions

Maintenance of "Luch" walk-behind tractors is quite simple; that is why owners need to know how to correctly identify the causes of problems and eliminate deficiencies. If the unit does not start, you can assume:

• the spark has disappeared (it is necessary to examine the candle and wires, the battery);
• the damper for air access is slightly open;
• too much oil has been used up;
• clogged or low-quality gasoline is filled;
• there was a failure in the fuel supply system.

It so happens that the engine seems to be working, but not stable enough or with low power. This is usually due to the depletion of fuel in the tank. But it can also be assumed that the air filter is clogged, or that a lot of dust has got into the tank, or that the fuel rings are damaged (worn out). Normally, the "Ray" should not vibrate too much. If this still happens, it is necessary to check the bolted connections, coupling (fixation) of the attachment.

It is not recommended to use Chinese-made spare parts for replacement. It is advisable to use original parts, including the bearings of the main shaft. The only exception is belts, since their parameters are unified. But it is imperative to measure the dimensions with great care. If repairs and maintenance are carried out according to the rules, problems should not arise.