Mustard As A Siderat (22 Photos): What Is Better Than Phacelia? When To Sow And Dig Up White Mustard As Fertilizer For The Soil Of The Garden In The Fall?

2024 Author: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-18 12:09

Mustard is the favorite green manure among gardeners. It easily replaces fungicides and insecticides. Mustard allows you to reduce the amount of soil to be dug up in the garden and to rid the area of unwanted weeds . And this is not surprising - it has unique properties, due to which it is a kind of doctor of eco-agriculture.

How is it useful?

Mustard is an easily digestible fertilizer, which is why it is appreciated by most gardeners . It grows very quickly. From one hundred square meters of land, you can collect up to 400 kilograms of this plant.

Its leaves and stems contain many organic substances, high levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

Mustard grown for green manure is of great benefit not only for humans, but also for the soil, as well as for the crops growing in this area

• Mustard helps to restore missing elements in the soil. It quickly fills the garden soil with organic matter, which is embedded in the soil composition.
• The green manure plant absorbs heavy minerals and converts them into a light form.
• Improves soil structure as it is an ideal leavening agent.
• An important benefit of mustard is to inhibit the growth of weeds before planting and after harvest.
• This plant resists the leaching of nutrients from the garden soil during rainy weather.
• The beneficial substances secreted from the roots of mustard green manure resist the formation of mold and bacteria. It minimizes the number of pathogenic phytophthora and putrefactive microorganisms.
• Thanks to this plant, it will be possible to return the garden culture to its usual place for the gardener much earlier than it should be.
• In the soil composition where white mustard grows, the number of pests is reduced.
• Late-sown uncut mustard acts as a mulch that traps snow.
• Mustard, planted in spring as green manure, is an excellent honey plant during flowering.
• For most garden crops, white mustard is a good neighbor, such as peas and grapes. Growing mustard next to fruit trees, you can be sure that the moth and aphids will not attack trees.

Mustard is inherently an unpretentious culture . She does not require special care for herself. Mustard seeds for green manure can be found at any garden store. At the same time, their prices will not affect the state of the wallet in any way. After flowering, the seeds collected by the gardener are intended to be used as seed for the next season.

And yet, there are some nuances that a gardener should pay attention to when choosing a place for sowing mustard for green manure. This plant should not be grown on land where radish, rapeseed and other cruciferous plants previously grew.

Inexperienced gardeners claim that, as an analogue of white mustard, there is a yellow variety that has the same properties. But this is not the case. Mustard yellow is the common name for white mustard.

Why is phacelia better?

Before making a conclusion: which plant is better, you need to carefully read the characteristics of the opponent of white mustard. Phacelia is a plant from the aquifolaceous family used by many farmers as a green manure . In hot climates, the phacelia develops rough stems, which, after mowing, decompose very slowly. Accordingly, the effectiveness of the use of this green manure is significantly reduced.

Phacelia biologists argue that this crop not only removes weeds from the soil, but also increases soil fertility . It fills the earth with nutrients and trace elements.

Sowing phacelia for green manure must be produced in the fall, about 2 months before the onset of frost. This time is quite enough for the plant to get stronger and be able to survive severe cold.

Having dealt with the main properties of phacelia, you can begin to find out which green manure is better. In fact, both cultures are soil healers . However, in the hot season, the phacelia forms a rough base, which is very difficult to get rid of. The stem decomposes for a very long time and resembles weed shoots. For this reason, summer residents living in the southern regions recommend using mustard as green manure. While the northern regions are more suitable for phacelia.

And only a few farmers who regularly look after their farm alternate the sowing of these crops.

When to sow?

Farmers with large fields for crops and gardeners with small plots have appreciated the usefulness of white mustard as a siderat. Wherein each gardener determines the sowing time independently , based on personal experience. Some sow seeds in the fall, while others prefer spring.

In fact, the timing of sowing mustard for green manure depend on the geographic location of the region, temperature fluctuations and weather changes . But the inhabitants of indigenous villages are most often guided by according to the sowing calendar and folk signs.

Before winter

Few people know that sowing mustard for green manure can be carried out in late autumn. Planting before the coming cold weather is aimed at spring shoots . The sowing process is the same as planting carrots, parsley and other crops.

The main point of planting mustard green manure before winter is in early spring shoots. And before the time of the main planting arrives, the plant will be able to gain green mass.

In the spring

Spring sowing of mustard for green manure begins in March, when the snow melts and the soil warms up to temperatures above zero degrees . Just the soil will be sufficiently moistened, therefore, additional irrigation work will not have to be carried out. The selected planting site is cleared of weeds, and sowing is performed on top. Within a month, the planted biomass grows to the required size.

In autumn

For the autumn sowing of mustard green manure, there is only one rule: the earlier, the better . And it is not surprising that the sooner the mustard takes root, the more benefits the greens will be. It follows from this that it is necessary to plant mustard immediately after harvesting. There is no need to wait until the entire area is cleaned. If the onions are harvested in August, the empty garden must be sown immediately with mustard.

It is important for gardeners to remember that there is a serious nuance that must be taken into account before sowing mustard. You cannot alternate this plant with other cruciferous crops, as they have the same diseases . In simple terms, you cannot plant mustard where it is planned to plant cabbage, turnips, radishes or radishes in the future.

Before sowing mustard seeds, the soil must be slightly loosened and depressions of a maximum of 10 cm must be made. Mustard seeds do not require special preparation. Usually they are scattered over the surface of the soil, after which they are sealed with a rake.

In order to sow 1 hectare of land, you will need about 500 g of seeds.

Seeding rate

The number of mustard green manure seeds depends on the type of soil. Below is a table showing the sowing rates for 1 acre of land.

Variety	Sandy land	Clay soil	Chernozem
Mustard	200 g / 10 m	300 g / 10 m	100 g / 10 m
Black mustard	400 g / 10 m	500 g / 10 m	250 g / 10 m
Sarepta mustard	150 g / 10 m	250 g / 10 m	150 g / 10 m

After reviewing the presented data, it becomes clear - the heavier the soil, the more seeds will be required . With a rare scattering of mustard seeds in heavy soil, there is a high probability that many plantings simply will not ascend.

Standard seeding rates mustards per 1 hectare of land differ from other siderates, as they build up a sufficient amount of greenery in a short period of time. Mustard bushes are 1 m high. Under good conditions, their length can reach 1.4 m, but this happens extremely rarely.

It is worth noting that the sowing rates of mustard green manures differ from the sown seeds of this plant intended for cooking . Siderata grow a large number of roots, which subsequently decompose in the soil and loosen it. For culinary purposes, greens are most important. Therefore, culinary mustard is planted in rows rather than randomly scattering so that the green part gets as much sunlight as possible.

Further, it is proposed to consider a table that indicates the in-line rate of sowing seeds of edible mustard per 1 hectare of land

Variety	Sandy soil	Clay soil	Chernozem
Black mustard	150 g / 10 m	400 g / 10 m	100 g / 10 m
Sarepta mustard	100 g / 10 m	200 g / 10 m	50 g / 10 m

To reduce the number of harmful insects in the soil, the sowing rate of green manure per 1 hectare of land must be doubled. The active substances contained in the roots of this plant scare away the wireworm, bear and weevil.

Technology of use

Any gardener will be able to cope with the sowing of mustard for green manure . The process itself does not require special knowledge and skills. And due to its unpretentious nature, the plant does not require special care or any complex procedures regarding soil cultivation.

Sowing work is done manually, but this is very entertaining for most gardeners. But the seeding of seeds should be carried out using a rake or other garden equipment.

In order to achieve timely germination, it is necessary to follow several rules for planting seeds

1. When choosing a place for sowing, you need to take into account the proximity to other crops. Biologists advise against planting white mustard where cruciferous plants used to grow. The chosen location for the mustard must have access to sunlight and adequate protection from the wind.
2. Before sowing the beds, it is necessary to dig up, remove the roots of the weeds, and spill the soil with chilled water.
3. On the prepared rows, it is necessary to make miniature grooves. Seeds should be planted 12-15 cm apart. Planting depth less than 1/3 of a finger.
4. For 1 sq. m of the garden will require about 4-5 g of seeds.
5. After sowing, the seeds must be lightly sprinkled with soil, but no more than 1 cm.
6. The sown area must be watered. It is preferable to use a garden watering can. Hose or bucket watering is not recommended. A strong stream of water can deepen the seeds or even squeeze them out of the soil.

You can expect the first shoots in 4 days . The bulk of the seeds hatch at once. The sprouts formed on the surface of the soil cover the soil with a green carpet.

Growing mustard for green manure must occur naturally . The use of any chemicals of unknown origin can lead to unpleasant consequences. But if necessary, you can fertilize the planting with the preparation "Baikal". But even he will not be able to help if the soil composition of the garden was severely depleted after many years of growing garden crops that did not have appropriate feeding.

The seeding technology is simple and affordable . Every farmer or gardener with any skill level can easily cope with this task.

If suddenly the gardener decides to sow a large area with white mustard seeds, it would be more correct to use the method of the usual scattering of seeds over loose soil, followed by their burial with a rake.

When to mow and dig?

The growth process of mustard greens depends on soil moisture and weather conditions. This plant grows well in places with sufficient sunlight. but there comes a time when the grown green manure must be mowed. This is done for several reasons.

1. When flowers appear on the plant, all elements of the mustard structure are roughened. Accordingly, the decomposition process will take much longer. But the delicate leaves of this plant, which have not reached flowering, decompose much faster. They also saturate the soil composition with useful substances.
2. During flowering, mustard directs all its energy to growing flowers, which subsequently form pods with seeds. During this period, the beneficial properties of mustard, spread to the soil, decrease.
3. If you do not mow the germinated plant, the seeds formed at the end of flowering are scattered in a chaotic manner over the site. Accordingly, the medicinal plant will grow like a weed.

Useful Tips

It is not difficult to grow mustard for green manure. Even beginners and young children can handle this. However, experienced gardeners are ready to give some useful tips to grow a good green manure without any additional manipulation.

1. The garden must be carefully prepared : align and clean up other vegetation residues. Thanks to this preparation, there will be no obstacles in contact between the soil and the seeds.
2. When planting seeds it is not recommended to press the seeds deep into the ground with zeal .
3. It is allowed to deepen seeds to a greater distance into sandy soil .… If there is dense soil in the garden, the seeds must be sown closer to the surface.
4. Thanks to timely mowing the gardener receives the most effective fertilizer for the garden land. It is best to bury the stems in the soil in the spring, before the time of planting vegetables.
5. Seeds are planted in the spring into grooves , and in the fall it is recommended to plant seeds by scattering .

Mustard, planted as green manure, is a fertilizer . The developing roots from the planted plant in a short period of time fill the soil composition with the necessary amount of useful microelements. This increases the fertility of the land allotment.

Don't forget about choosing the right neighbors. Then it will turn out to grow an excellent harvest.

When the mustard has sprouted, it should be mowed . Mowed sprouts should not be burned or sent to landfill. They can be used as fertilizer, as well as feed for poultry and livestock. In addition, the young mustard green manure mowed leaves can be used in cooking. For example, prepare a spring salad with them. In some cases, beveled leaves play the role of decorating dishes.

Many farmers and gardeners use mustard as an antiseptic . Traditional medicine practitioners cultivate mustard for medicinal purposes. There is nothing surprising.

This plant has anti-inflammatory, antifungal effects. It can be used to treat psoriasis and mycosis.

Quite often mustard and its constituents are the main ingredient for ointments and compresses … Mustard medicine is used for colds, pneumonia and bronchitis. Mustard green manure is not just a fertilizer for the soil, but also a huge benefit for the surrounding world, even after mowing.