Drum Screens: For Sand And Soil, Principle Of Operation, Scheme And Device, Areas Of Application

2024 Author: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 05:33

Knowing everything about drum screens is very useful for organizing some production - these devices have their own areas of application. Be sure to familiarize yourself with sand and soil screens. The principle of operation, the general scheme and the device of such machines deserve attention.

Peculiarities

The professional drum rumble is very bulky and heavy. It differs from other devices of a similar purpose in its low specific performance per machine. Therefore, its use in production is ineffective (efficiency is estimated at 60-80%). However, such a technique is still used, given the undeniable advantages:

• simplicity of design;
• ease of maintenance;
• uniformity of action;
• suitability for emergency technical service;
• ease of cleaning the work surface.

Principle of operation

Screeners usually consist of two sections. In the loading compartment, partitions are used, which perform a reflective and mixing function. An important part of the diagram is the working area . It is in it that various substances are sorted according to the granulometric index. The screen is placed strictly at a certain inclination towards the discharge opening (from 3 to 8 degrees). For the operation of the device, it is important that the body bands move with the help of drive rollers.

The rotation of the drum is generated by an electric motor . Power transmission from the electric drive takes place by means of an open gear transmission. When turning the working area, the sieved material first enters the inlet channel of the separator.

Within the mechanism, these substances move linearly. On the way from loading to unloading, they pass the filtration section with perforated elements.

The oversize mass, which has not passed the screening to the end, enters special bunkers . And the substance, which has nevertheless been completely processed, is dumped by the system directly onto the conveyor belt. There is additional sorting to achieve greater uniformity. The accumulation of the processed mass takes place in the savings compartments. The angle of inclination of the drum is determined by how high the productivity should be, and what granulometric characteristic they want to get at the exit. The product that has not passed the selection is additionally crushed or subjected to other processing.

A small drum screen is usually placed on a rotating central shaft . Larger equipment rotates thanks to the outer bands. The drive rollers are usually located near the receiving area. It contains less material. Rotation is much easier, mechanical overloads will be almost excluded. The so-called support rollers are necessarily provided. They account for the main intensity of the impact, and such elements are supposed to be made of especially strong alloyed alloys.

Views

Drum screens have changed markedly over time. Despite the preservation of the general basic principle, some of their parts have undergone significant alterations . The most commonly used drum screens are with cylinder-shaped holes. This method of screening the material allows you to achieve extremely high-quality separation. Systems with cubic holes are much less common.

But they also have their own niche. It is about the separation of excessively moist substances, which is the most successful . True, for this purpose, machines with slotted holes are more often used. They can cope with substances that are highly heterogeneous in their particle size distribution.

Slotted Drum Screens are prized for their high degree of parts standardization and ease of maintenance.

Applications

Such equipment is most in demand in the mining industry, in the industry for the production of building materials. It is also used in woodworking factories. With the help of drum-type screens, it is possible to sort fractions of metallic and non-metallic ores, sand, coal, asphalt chips . They are also suitable for soil, for coke, for solid industrial waste, for solid household waste. This circumstance is especially valuable for organizations engaged in recycling and incineration.

Drum separators allow you to get fractions from 0.5 to 5 cm in size . Such installations are often used as separate isolated mechanisms. But they can also be included in entire production complexes or lines, working in conjunction with screening, crushing, sorting machines. Some models are supplemented with magnetic separators. This allows you to confidently separate metallic and metal-containing inclusions from other objects.

Drum screens are used in the washing of clay ores . Then they are usually called flushing screens, or, even shorter, scrubbers. Systems for working with crushed stone, gravel and sand are called gravel washers, although in some sources a different term is found - gravity sorting. In addition to the inner drum, they also have an outer drum assembly. A special type of screens - burat - is used at enterprises producing asbestos fibers and when screening graphite concentrate.

Unlike conventional devices, burata are not made in the form of a cylinder, but in the form of a prism. Moreover, this prism has a large number of faces. In the composition of the burat, 6 or 8 flat sieves are distinguished.

In asbestos factories, screens are used with a rotating shaft on which blades are placed . A special type - butars - are placed on the rotating trunnions of mills in mining operations in order to catch scrap and large pieces of rock.

In agriculture, drum screens are also used . There they are needed to sort the soil and compost. In the woodworking industry, waste is sorted with their help. Drum screens used in municipal services (as in other areas) can be used in conjunction with other machines or separately from them. The decision is made by the engineers and production managers themselves.