LED Strips With Motion Sensor: Infrared (IR Sensor) And Other Touch Sensors. How To Connect Them To A 12 And 220 Volt Tape?

2024 Author: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 05:33

In many domestic situations, it is especially convenient to automatically turn on and off the main or additional light source. The best option is an LED strip with a motion sensor. On the elastic strip, at a uniform distance, light diodes are located, reacting to the signals of the sensor, which marks each movement in the specified range.

Peculiarities

One of the main qualities of LED sources is their long service life (up to 50,000 hours). And also a significant advantage is energy savings of up to 90%.

There are other advantages of diode strips

• Light does not overload human vision.
• Ease of use. Ribbons can be placed anywhere.
• No risk of overheating. LEDs can be mounted on almost any surface.
• Low weight of the system.
• Simple controls.
• Reliable construction. Strong tape withstands mechanical stress.
• Simple installation. There is no need to contact an electrician to install the LED flexible strip with motion sensor.

The only nuance that is important to consider: when installing such specific equipment, motion sensors are selected by type based on the specific purpose of their placement. There are three types of equipment:

• street;
• peripheral;
• internal.

Overview of sensor types

The task of the motion sensor is not only to turn on, but also to turn off the lighting device . The sensing element recognizes the appearance of a disturbing factor. Any motion sensor is a special device equipped with a sensor. The sensor device analyzes the controlled space according to the specified parameter.

Such a sensor interacts with various electrical devices: sound alarms or lighting devices.

Infrared

Infrared sensors respond to background infrared radiation . The device registers thermal radiation, triggered by a wave of the hand and any movement in the sector of the sensor. He reacts equally to the movement of warm-blooded animals and people and inanimate objects.

Various conditions are suitable for the use of infrared heat sensors . IR devices can differ in design and principle of operation, depending on the type of registration of infrared radiation. They can be equipped with active, passive and combined IR elements. The combination of the two types of detectors can significantly reduce the number of false registrations, since both sensors must give the go-ahead to turn on lights, alarms and other devices.

Ultrasonic

Used to recognize objects, control movement and determine the distance to them. The principle of operation of the device is based on the emission of sound vibrations with a frequency of 20,000 hertz . They are reflected from the disturbing object, fall into the receiver and are recorded. The electronic circuit determines the time taken from the moment of the pulse to the reception of the echo. Object detection distance - up to 8 meters, taking into account hard and smooth surfaces. The distance is reduced with the soft and porous structure of the sound-absorbing material.

The purpose of the ultrasound sensor is to fix objects in the sector of action, measure the distance to them, count objects moving in the field of view … When performing such tasks, the device is able to function in the dark, in conditions of smoke, dust, high humidity, high or low temperatures. The device is not sensitive to sound signals at the level of the audible range.

It can be easily adjusted to other ranges if necessary.

Acoustic

The only task of the sound sensor is to quickly turn the lights on and off .… The device is tuned to voices and footsteps, coughing sounds, so it automatically reacts to the appearance of a person, turning on the light . The acoustic sensor has a special design equipped with a light bulb. There are modifications in the form of a cartridge, but the most common are rectangular, round or oval small plastic boxes. When a person - the source of the noise - is in the area of the sensor, the device instantly turns on the light.

It takes 1-2 seconds for him to react to a stimulus. The lighting goes out after 10-15 seconds, as the person left the area of the sensor. The sensor's response is due to the reference recorded in the device. The simplest models can handle any type of noise. The most expensive samples can be programmed for many different commands. Any acoustic sensor consists of a microphone, a relay, an amplifier and an electronic unit that analyzes incoming signals.

Optical

These electronic components under the influence of electromagnetic radiation in the visible infrared and UV ranges send signals to the input of registration or control systems . Such sensors are tuned for water and aerosol vapors, smoke, translucent objects. Optical sensors are lightweight and similar in size. This is a non-contact device due to the absence of mechanical interaction between the sensor and the disturbing object. At the same time, the functionality of OD is much higher than that of similar devices of a different type.

Microwave

The principle of operation of the microwave sensor, configured for movement, similar to the device of ultrasonic models … The microwave sensor registers the change in the frequency of the incoming signals. The device operates at ultra-high frequencies. The wavelength emitted by the sensor ranges from 1 mm to 1 meter. There is a certain risk of false positives. Such models are among the most expensive, but also the most harmful to human health.

Microwave radiation is considered highly unsafe, therefore microwave sensors are recommended exclusively for outdoor installation. Wall and ceiling installation possible.

Nuances of choice

LED strips are presented on the lighting market in a wide range. They differ in certain characteristics:

• color performance (monochrome / RGB);
• shade temperature (glow warm / cold or natural);
• dust protection and moisture resistance;
• power of led crystals;
• type of power supply (from a 220 V network or through a step-down transformer).

The most common variation of led strips is equipped with SMD type LEDs with a crystal size of 3528 . In terms of lighting parameters, it is similar to a natural source. The maximum brightness is demonstrated by flexible LED strips marked SMD 5050. The more intense and even the backlighting is required, the more diodes are needed per meter. Luminaires installed in an area of high humidity (in the kitchen, in the bathroom, close to the floor surface) must have a high IP protection index - from 67-68.

LED strips are classified according to the type of power supply for 220 V and 12 volt units . The latter option is suitable for a led strip up to 5 meters long. Backlighting on such a device will cost a little higher in cost and will be more difficult to install. The choice of the model is carried out according to the operating conditions and the tasks set for the lighting system. For example, in standard household conditions, infrared sensors are convenient for illuminating staircases, which are used to recognize thermal radiation from an object.

Connection diagram

Connect directly to 220V

It is convenient to use LED strips that are connected to a 220 V network . When installing, you just need to connect the strip to the motion sensor. Among the disadvantages of this backlight model, it is worth noting flickering and possible breakdown of electric current. It is not at all safe for people. In addition, if one of the diodes fails, the entire lamp must be replaced.

Power supply connection

It is much safer to choose a stable type of connection of the LED strip with a sensor using a step-down transformer . Moreover, its power should not be inferior in value to the general analogous indicator for the selected tape with diodes. For example, if the backlighting is carried out using a 5-meter tape, for every 100 cm of which there is 12 W, then the total value will be equal to 60 W. To this you need to add the buffer 30% and you get a value of 78 watts. Based on this, a power supply unit of approximately 80 watts is needed.

As well as it is important to observe the polarity and sequence of equipment connections . If the LED strip is 5 meters long or more, you need a parallel device separately for each section. An individual power supply is installed on these segments, since the purchase of low-power transformers is more profitable for the budget than the purchase of one large device. In RGB versions, independent controllers replace dedicated amplifiers.

Where to use the tape?

LED strips complete with sensors are convenient to use in places where stable illumination is not required . For example, in the entrance of an apartment building, where light is needed only when people appear on the site. The sensor will not miss any movement in its range. This device often saves owners of residential and office premises from thieves. Criminals are stopped by the presence of such a system. Few people dare to unauthorized entry into private territory, which is automatically illuminated. Moreover, many devices interact with the alarm, leaving ill-wishers no chance to embody a bad plan.

The most logical area for installing a led strip in a house is a corridor or a common hall. LED strips with motion sensor can be placed on the ceiling or in the joints of the walls. Such lighting is very effective for a staircase: at the corners between the steps and the wall, on the edges of the steps. Often, the lighting in the house is mounted around the perimeter of the bed.

In the dark, the illuminated bed looks very unusual and romantic. This option is chosen by young couples and teenagers.

It is convenient and practical to install the tape in toilets and bathrooms, above the kitchen countertop. Then you do not need to press the switch every time you enter and leave the room. In the bathroom and in the kitchen, this is a very clever solution that promotes sanitation. In such cases, it is advisable to install installation in the ceiling area, in profile or in the joint between the ceiling and the wall. This will protect the system from contact with moisture in the event of a malfunction of the plumbing and any incidents associated with water spills.

Popular LED strips with sensors and in areas where the impact of the external environment is especially aggressive, and it is technically problematic to install a standard switch … However, everyone makes the device of led strips at their own discretion, solving several problems at once: decorating, illuminating and optimizing the space.

With this type of lighting, you can create real design solutions in modern interiors. It is worth trying and understanding - it is beautiful, profitable and convenient!