2024 Author: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-18 12:09
Building material such as crushed stone-sand mixture is a by-product of natural granite mining. In addition, it can form as a result of the weathering of rocks. In fact, it is a combination of sand and crushed stone, widely used in construction.
General characteristics
In general, building material is a waste of granite and limestone formed during the extraction and processing of rocks, which contain fragments of crushed stone and quarry sand.
When crushing in a sorting plant, the mixture is sieved , crushing to running fractions, cleaning from small debris, as a result, different types of building materials are obtained based on the size of grains of crushed stone.
If the composition contains 4 or more percent of clay and dust, the product cannot meet the standards of GOST 25607-94. In addition, it is required that the radioactive background be within 300 Bq / kg, which is considered safe and allows the mixture to be used in the construction of residential buildings.
Key features to be aware of when stacking and transporting:
- volume weight;
- bulk density.
It turns out that not only the grain composition is important, but also the density, that is, the compaction coefficient of crushed stone, which characterizes the change in its volume during ramming, as well as shrinkage and transportation. One of the most demanded fraction sizes - 20-40 mm, is a C6 mixture with a bulk density of 1.35 t / m3. With a larger fraction, the tamping is less effective.
The shape of the grains also plays a role, preferably when it is cuboid. Actually, these indicators determine the quality of the building material. If you ignore it, it is hardly possible to achieve good performance characteristics of the road surface, for which, in most cases, a crushed stone-sand mixture is used.
Benefits of free-flowing mixtures
Crushed-stone-sand mixtures of different types are durable materials, which make it possible to use them for outdoor work.
Main advantages:
- the ability to absorb water vapor;
- resistance to high humidity;
- immunity to low temperatures;
- safe class of radioactivity;
- strength, wear resistance under high loads;
- optimal drainage filtration coefficient in coatings for various purposes;
- granular composition of crushed stone and sand.
These are important production qualities of bulk products, which are also distinguished by their low cost.
Types of material
The crushed stone-sand mixture, being the product of crushing, has grains of different sizes, which determines its fraction. The scope of application of the material depends on this parameter.
SCHPS C1 - a mixture having a grain size of 40 mm. In fact, the product can include fractions from 5 to 10 mm, which occupy most of the volume, the largest are present in an amount of 10% of the total, and 10% of dust-like microparticles are also allowed in the composition. The main area of application of the C1 mixture is the arrangement of road surfaces, in particular, when it is required to obtain a perfectly flat, smooth surface. Even unpaved roads can be erected with the help of the material. These are mainly airfield landing strips.
Mixture C2 possesses high strength properties, it contains crushed stone with frost-resistant properties (F100 or F300). The maximum size of the grains included in the composition is 20 mm, and the basis is granular fractions with a size of about 10 mm. Clay and dusty particles only 5%. The material has its advantages, including the ability to lay in all weather conditions and temperatures.
The coating obtained with this product is not afraid of moisture, cold, and is not susceptible to cracking during operation. It can be used both for creating coatings of I-III categories, and for landscaping in private territories, due to its affordable cost.
Products C3 differs in the largest granules with a size of 120 mm. Its components are crushed granite and quarry sand, while dust and clay according to GOST do not exceed 4%. It is a durable, frost-resistant material, the installation of which is easier and easier in comparison with other types of SchPS. The main purpose - additional layers of the road surface, making it possible to reduce the cost of materials such as asphalt, concrete.
Granite fractions have good compaction, for this reason the coatings are resistant to increased loads.
- SCHPS C4 includes sifted quarry sand and crushed stone granules with a fraction of 80 mm. The mixture is used for residential construction, since the radiation indicators of the product do not exceed 300 Bq / kg. This is a high-quality material, convenient for storage and transportation, you can work with it in any climatic conditions. It is used to create road surfaces, ballast prism of railway and tram tracks, and strengthen road shoulders.
- Blend C5 has a fraction of 40 to 80 mm. This is a high-quality bulk product in high demand, the main volume of which is made up of 40-60 mm particles with the amount of dust-like additives not exceeding 4%. The scope of use of the product is similar to the use of C4, it is also used in the construction of residential and industrial buildings, road surfaces, for concrete work, as reinforcing layers of roadsides.
The area of application of mixtures C4 and C5 is more extensive, they are considered the most demanded materials.
Crushed-stone-sand composition С6 differs from other bulk mixtures in optimal compaction with a roller, long-term storage, the ability to work at critical temperatures and in different weather conditions. The basis of the material is granite fractions from 5 to 20 and 20-40 mm. It is used in almost all areas of construction. After installation, movement on the created surface is permissible almost immediately. The mixture has a low price, thanks to which there is an opportunity to save on asphalt and concrete.
- Products C7 and C8 mainly serve when laying the lower layer of highways and are distinguished by a small fraction - 10 and 5 mm. The cement reinforcement of the C7 material makes the mixture more resistant to low temperatures and eliminates the appearance of cracks on the coating during operation.
- Blend C9 has a granule size of 80 mm, in addition to road surfaces, it is used for the construction of parking lots, squares, sidewalks and country roads.
- At the initial stages of road construction, it is allowed to use C10 with particles 20 mm , it contains up to 30% of quarry sand and 20% of clay and dust.
Based on the high quality characteristics of compaction of the material, the most demanded is the C4 crushed stone-sand mixture, which is also considered the closest to natural minerals in its composition.
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