2024 Author: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-09 13:15
More than 250 plant species are known in the genus of hibiscus of the Malvaceae family, which are represented in the subtropics and tropics of both hemispheres. For a long time, the plant has been grown in botanical gardens and greenhouses. Hibiscus is very popular in home floriculture. The most common Chinese rose or Chinese hibiscus, born in the tropics of Southeast Asia and Polynesia.
Many varieties of Chinese hibiscus are known, which differ in size, color of flowers and the degree of their doubleness . A rose is a very beautiful flower, and like all living things, it is not immune from diseases and pests. It is important to properly care for the plant in order to provide a comfortable living environment.
Causes
The Chinese rose is undemanding, it will suffer shortcomings in caring for it, if inattention to the plant does not develop into a constant phenomenon. More often, for objective reasons, the leaves turn yellow and fall off the rose. It is important to understand what is happening and take action to eliminate weaknesses in care, so as not to let the flower die.
Consider the most common causes of yellowness and leaf fall.
Natural
In the Chinese rose, in preparation for the dormant period, the leaves turn yellow and fall. The flower sheds part of the leaves in winter, it needs rest after flowering and to recuperate for the future. A rose gets rid of yellowed old ones when many young leaves appear on the bush.
Old plants that are about to die are also throwing off their leaves. These are natural causes of leaf wilting.
Stress
Hibiscus doesn't like being moved from place to place. A simple turn or transfer to another room causes a lot of stress on the plant. The flower sheds yellowed leaves before adapting to new conditions. A difficult test for a rose is transplanting into a new pot. She is sick for a long time, because the roots are often damaged during transshipment. While new roots are recovering and growing, the flower sheds its foliage.
Influence of moisture
Dried soil in a pot of Chinese rose leads to root death and massive foliage flying. The reason is a cramped pot or insufficient moisture. The required amount of nutrition is not delivered to the leaves, they turn yellow and fall off. Find out the exact cause by the dried earth in the center of the flower pot. To do this, the rose is watered in the morning, and closer to night they look to see if the earth in the center of the container has dried up. Dryness suggests that the flower is cramped in this container. In summer, the Chinese rose feels a lack of moisture even with constant watering in the morning and evening.
Excess moisture can adversely affect the flower . The hibiscus withers. The soil in the pot is compacted, air does not enter there. Stagnant water appears, the soil becomes waterlogged, which leads to the emergence of bacteria and fungi. This is due to the large pot. Plant roots rot and die in this environment. Diseased roots do not supply enough nutrition for the normal existence of the hibiscus. The leaves turn yellow and fall off.
Temperature regime
As a native of the tropics, the Chinese rose cannot stand cold and drafts and is kept away from air conditioners. When airing, the rose is closed from the air stream. An indoor flower is kept in an acceptable temperature environment of + 18.30 ° C. In winter, when the rose is in a state of hibernation, the room temperature is maintained at + 13.15 ° C, provided that there is additional lighting. In the spring and until the beginning of autumn, + 17.23 ° C is maintained in the room. Cooling to + 10 ° C provokes yellowing and leaf fall.
Illumination
Another reason that the leaves of the Chinese rose turn yellow and fall off is improper lighting. As usual, they turn yellow on the side of the plant that is in the shade. However, hibiscus should not be exposed to direct sunlight. Excess sun will cause burns, which will cause the leaves to turn yellow and they will fall off.
Hibiscus still reacts to lack of light. Diffused lighting has a beneficial effect on the flower. And in winter, the lack of natural light is complemented by the light of fluorescent lamps.
Chlorosis
Evidence of chlorosis in Chinese hibiscus is yellowing of the leaf plate, while the veins remain green. In addition, spots appear on the leaves. The reason for these phenomena is called the increased acidity of the soil, which is provoked by tap water. Chlorosis does not affect the entire plant at once. More often young roots and tops of a rose are ill, and yellow leaves fall off.
Lack of minerals
It is important to notice in which part of the Chinese hibiscus the leaves turn yellow. A lack of nutrients is said if the upper leaves of the flower turn yellow. Leaves turn yellow when the content of zinc, manganese, magnesium and iron is insufficient. The increased content of chlorine and calcium in the water causes shedding of the lower leaves, and new ones grow yellow. If there is not enough nitrogen or iron, the phenomenon is repeated.
Fertilizers must be applied carefully, the main thing is not to go over the norm . If there is not enough nitrogen, the veins of the leaf turn yellow, if potassium, the whole plate turns yellow. The increased content of magnesium and potassium does not harm the development of hibiscus.
The nitrogen and phosphorus content exceeding the norm leads to massive yellowing of the leaves.
Spider mite
The pest activates on the plant when the air in the room is dry. In addition to yellowing of the leaves, cobwebs and whitish bloom form on the flower. Traces of ticks are traced on the back of the leaves in the form of small dots. In order not to provoke the activation of mites, the air next to the plant is moistened, and vessels with water are placed next to it.
What to do?
So that the leaves of the hibiscus do not turn yellow and do not fall off, and the rose can live comfortably at home, it must be properly looked after all year round, monitor the health of the flower and protect it from pests.
Replacing the flower pot
A small pot does not allow the rose to grow and develop correctly, so it is changed to a large one, which is 2-3 cm wider in diameter than the previous one. The flower is transplanted by the transshipment method so as not to harm the roots. The hibiscus is placed in a new pot with moistened soil and drainage, watered only on the third day.
Excess water in the pan indicates that the pot is too large for the plant . It is replaced with a smaller one so that the roots do not rot and the plant die. Before transplanting a flower, examine its root system, clean it from the ground, remove rotten fragments, treat the roots with a fungicide solution and sprinkle the sections with Kornevin powder or crushed activated carbon. After transplantation, the flower is sprayed with "Zircon" or "Epin".
Proper watering
For the lush flowering of the Chinese rose, the development of beautiful and healthy foliage in the summer, the flower is watered abundantly. The main thing is not to overdo it, the plant is watered again after the top layer has dried by 2-3 cm. The ground should not be either dry or wet, but constantly wet. In hot windy weather, it is recommended to water the flower every day, or even 2 times a day, as well as spray it with water.
In winter, the Chinese rose is dormant, but this does not mean that it does not need to be watered ., you just need to increase the time between waterings. Heating dries out the air in the room during the cold season, so it is important to spray the flower and the air next to it, and place a container of water next to it. Dry air can cause illness.
Top dressing
Chlorosis disease occurs in a plant due to irrigation with untreated and unsteady water. It is better to transplant the Chinese rose into new soil or feed it with complex fertilizers that contain magnesium but no lime. Epsom salt or magnesium is sometimes used in chelated form. Iron chelate is added to the water that is poured over the flower if there is a lack of iron.
You need to feed the Chinese rose in the morning or after sunset on cloudy, cool days . From the beginning of spring to September, the flower is fed once a week, or fertilizers are applied more often, but in reduced doses. In winter, feeding is applied only to flowering plants and only once a month. Some gardeners use water with added sugar as a top dressing - half a teaspoon of sugar in a glass of water.
Hibiscus is fed with nitrogen fertilizers with caution - oversaturation leads to burns. Brown spots appear on the leaves, indicating that the plant is oversaturated with nitrogen. Leaves gradually die off, and the flower dies. To save the rose, she is given a break from dressing. Two weeks are watered with clean water without impurities. When the plant recovers, they feed and add nitrogen in small doses, gradually adjust the concentration to an acceptable value.
Spider mite control
They begin to fight pests hastily, otherwise it will not be possible to save the flower. If the parasite did not have time to severely damage the leaves, then the foliage and stems are thoroughly washed with soapy water. If the lesion is serious, then the rose must be treated with insecticides . The leaves are sprayed on both sides. For this, preparations are suitable - "Fitoverm", "Aktofit", "Fufan", "Antiklesh", "Aktellik". Spraying is carried out every 4-5 days 4 times in a row.
In addition, vessels with water or humidifiers are placed next to the flower. Spray the plants and the air around them with water 1-2 times a day. It is important to create moist air around the flowers. Mites are afraid of moisture. They will die in the humid air. The leaves will remain green and beautiful.
To fight the mite, flower growers also use folk remedies. For this, 1 part of dry red pepper is poured with 2 parts of water, boiled for 1 hour, filtered. The hibiscus is treated with soapy water, to which 10 g of the resulting solution with pepper is added.
Follow-up care
The Chinese rose will freely grow new foliage after being cured and freed from pests. To do this, remove all dried branches and leaves. Every spring, a young plant needs a transplant, it is done by the transshipment method, and the flower is transplanted each time into a more spacious pot, leaving room for root growth.
The hibiscus is transplanted into light and nutritious soil. It is desirable that it consists of leaf - 1 part, turf - 2 parts and humus earth - 1 part. In addition, coarse sand is added to the soil, bone meal can be added. Drainage is laid at the bottom of the pot, which can consist of broken brick, ceramic shards, crushed stone, gravel or expanded clay. The main condition is that drainage should not injure the roots.
To form a beautifully shaped bush, you will need to trim shoots that are too long . Old, dry, damaged or weak shoots are removed. Sometimes they pinch the tops of the shoots of a young plant to form a crown. Places of cuts are powdered with charcoal. After trimming, the room temperature is lowered by 2 ° C. Do not overdry the soil, so every day the plant should be sprayed with water at room temperature.
An adult flower that is more than 3-4 years old is transplanted every 3-4 years. Every spring, a small layer of new soil is added to the pot on the old soil.
Preventive measures
So that the leaves of the Chinese rose always remain green and healthy, comply with the following conditions:
- not watered too often, but regularly, do not allow the soil to dry out;
- do not leave in direct sunlight, but clean in partial shade;
- fed once a week until September, and then - once a month;
- watered in autumn and winter less often, kept indoors at a temperature not lower than + 15 ° C;
- sprayed with water every day all year round;
- transplanted in time into a suitable land with drainage;
- so that indoor plants do not get sunburn, they are exposed to the sun for a short time, gradually increase the stay;
- regularly examined for pests;
- regularly cleaned of dust with a warm shower, covering the ground.
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