Tsiperus (47 Photos): Caring For An Indoor Flower At Home, Cyperus Helfer And Papyrus, Alternate-leaved And "Zumula", Planting A Plant In An Aquarium And Reproduction

2024 Author: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-18 12:09

It will be possible to organize a small jungle swaying in the wind at home or on the balcony if you plant cyperus at home. It is one of the most common houseplants and is also known by names such as Venus Herb, Marsh Palm, Sitovnik and Weasel. Its historical homeland is considered to be the tropical forests of the American, African and European continents. Cyperus is often found in warm climates, grows in wetlands and in places where there is a lot of water. He came to Russia from Holland.

Description

For a great love for moist soil and swamps in ancient mythology, this plant was named "the gift of rivers". In its natural habitat, it grows up to 4-5 meters, forming impassable thickets. Some representatives grow up to half a meter in a season, and several of these plants can form a real green wall.

Cyperus has elongated stems, the top of which is crowned with a rosette of narrow whorled leaves. The peduncle is erect, the stems are flexible, so they can withstand even strong gusts of wind. The leaf plates are linear, grow and open in the shape of umbrellas, in which they are unevenly distributed, which makes them look like small rays of the sun, giving the cyperus a significant volume. The color palette ranges from light shades of green to dark. Rarely, but there are varieties of white and brown tones.

The flowers are small, milky or white-green in color, rather inconspicuous. Most often, flowering occurs in early summer, but some varieties can bloom continuously until mid-autumn. The pollen is very fine, it is easily carried by gusts of wind to nearby plants. At the end, fruits are formed - ears or a brown nut.

The root system of its creeping type, the roots are powerful and rather long, as a rule, are located in the surface layer of the soil. Some varieties of cyperus have spindle-shaped shoots instead of roots, which, despite this, do not prevent them from taking the necessary nutrients and water from the soil. The features of the root system largely depend on the species diversity of this culture, therefore, when buying a plant for the purpose of growing at home, you need to find out which soils will be comfortable for each specific variety. In indoor gardening, cyperuses with shortened roots are usually cultivated - they are optimal for planting in a decorative pot or a small planter.

Sitovnik does not like brightly lit places, preferring darkened rooms and adjacent areas. It looks great near an aquarium or a summer cottage.

If you want to fill your room with exceptional freshness, then Cyperus will cope with the task entrusted to him as well as possible .e - its refined stems with decorative leaves will sway from the slightest gust of wind, literally captivating the eye with their unusual appearance and lightness.

There are many myths and beliefs associated with Cyperus. It is believed that the shape of this bush resembles a waterfall, which brings the energy of life into the house. According to the teachings of Feng Shui, the waves of waves emanating from this flower allow the inhabitants of the house to maintain their strength and vigor throughout the day, help to overcome problems and get out of prolonged depressions.

Tsiperus stimulates activity, does not tolerate laziness and idle pastime, his energy pushes children and adults to constant movement, therefore, having communicated with the plant, often there is a feeling that you are ready to literally move mountains. Tsiperus needs to be kept at home for schoolchildren, students and people engaged in business and scientific activities. Its energy allows you to cope with heavy mental and nervous stress. By the way, these legends have a very real scientific basis - Cyperuses emit an increased amount of oxygen, thanks to which the cells of the human body are provided with better nutrition . A person in a room with this flower experiences a surge of strength and vivacity.

In Egypt, baskets and all kinds of mats are often woven from the stems, and the roots are even eaten - they are added to vegetable salads, nutritional infusions and meat dishes. It has also found wide application in alternative medicine. A decoction of green leaves helps fight insomnia, migraines, and also normalizes metabolism and stabilizes blood pressure.

If you add honey to the broth, then the resulting drug will alleviate the condition with pain in the stomach.

Varieties

There are about 600 varieties in the Cyperus genus. They are all very similar to each other. Only a few selected species are grown at home.

Cyperus is sprawling . This plant is a rather lush bush, growing in length up to 50-60 cm. The top of each stem is crowned with a rosette of upright leaves in the form of an umbrella.

Cyperus is alternate-leaved (umbrella) . A perennial herb with a large number of narrow leaves of a rich dark green color. There is a variegated subspecies with variegated foliage. Its length reaches 1.5 m. While maintaining comfortable living conditions, it can bloom throughout the year with inconspicuous yellowish flowers.

Cyperus papyrus . This indoor variety can grow up to 1.5-2 m in height, its stems are quite dense and fleshy, the leaves are thin, and form a dense crown. This is one of the most demanding Cyperuses to care for.

Cyperus Helfer - a low plant up to 50 cm. In natural conditions, it grows on the banks of swamps. The stem is shortened, crowned with a panicle of narrow long leaves. This flower prefers wet substrates, therefore, as a houseplant, it is most often placed in aquariums.

In home floriculture, Cyperus varieties are also often grown. Pharaoh and Zumula.

Conditions of detention

Tsiperus, as a true native of the rainforests, makes special demands on the conditions of his detention.

Temperature and humidity

To create a comfortable habitat, the plant needs to maintain the temperature at 22-26 degrees in the summer. In winter, it is allowed to decrease indoors to 14 degrees, but if the air is colder, then life processes will begin to slow down so much that the plant will die rather quickly. That is why it is not recommended to place a flower on windows and prolonged airing in the room.

An increase in temperature over 26 degrees is also unfavorable for a green pet, it leads to drying out and quick wilting, therefore, in a warm period, climatic equipment should be used or the living room should be regularly ventilated.

Cyperuses are of aquatic origin, therefore they have special requirements not only for soil moisture, but also for the parameters of air humidity around the flower . The optimal level for them is 70-75%, but this is unlikely to please other inhabitants of the home garden, and for people such a microclimate is not entirely comfortable. You can maintain optimal humidity by regularly spraying the green part of the flower from a spray bottle, as well as dousing it under a warm shower.

It will not be superfluous to place aquariums or an indoor fountain near the cyperus, and lay out the pallet with sphagnum moss.

Lighting

Despite the low need for lighting, the marsh palm still does not tolerate a long absence of bright sunlight, therefore, in winter, when the daylight hours are short, the plant really needs additional artificial lighting - for this, it is necessary to use specialized phytolamps or ordinary fluorescent lamps. It is advisable to place this tropical plant on the east or west side - here direct ultraviolet rays shine for about 4-5 hours a day, while the light is scattered, which perfectly suits the needs of Cyperus. If all windows in your house are facing south, then you need to create an easy application. To do this, the flower is placed away from the window to protect the green leaves and stems with a light tulle.

For the full growth and development of cyperus, the lighting must be bright, but at the same time diffused.

How to care?

In order to create comfortable conditions for the development of a flower, you should know some of the nuances of caring for it.

Watering

The rump is very fond of water, so it needs regular moisture in full, but it is important to prevent waterlogging of the soil. In this case, the roots rot, which inevitably leads to the death of the plant. In order to maintain the required moisture content of the substrate, irrigation should be carried out daily, but in moderation.

The best option would be bottom irrigation through the pallet - from there the flower will take the moisture it needs.

Top dressing

Indoor cyperuses do not have a dormant phase; therefore, the plant needs additional feeding all year round. As a rule, it is fed every 10-14 days in spring and summer, and once a month in autumn and winter.

Cyperus responds best to ready-made complex dressings for decorative deciduous crops . They contain all the necessary complex of nutrients (nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus minerals).

When applying fertilizers, some basic rules should be followed:

• be sure to observe the dosage indicated by the manufacturers of the complex - keep in mind that preparations can be simple and concentrated, and an excess of vitamins is just as dangerous for the flower as their lack;
• for plants less than one year old the dosage is halved;
• mineral complexes it is necessary to apply at the root, avoiding contact with the leaves, which can cause them to burn;
• at the beginning of the season, the plant is needed feed with fertilizers based on nitrogen salts - they help in the formation of new green mass, and during the flowering and vegetation stage, cyperuses need potassium and phosphorus;
• before feeding the flower needs to be watered, otherwise there is a great risk of burning the root system.

You should be aware that over time, the stems begin to age, change their color to yellow and die off, so they need to be cut to start the renewal processes.

Transfer

From time to time, cyperus needs to be transplanted, and the time of year for these works is not of fundamental importance. Replacement of the substrate is tolerated without any harm to itself, however, flower growers still recommend planting this plant in early spring or late autumn, when the flower stops growing. Before transplanting it, you need to ensure a stable temperature background and humidity level in order to prevent stress on the culture and facilitate its adaptation.

When the plant reaches the age of 3-5 years, it needs to change the pot annually. Adult Cyperus are transplanted only in case of complete depletion of the land.

It is best to take deep, but not too wide containers for them, while drainage should occupy at least a quarter of the volume . The bottom should be laid out with expanded clay or large pebbles. The soil must be nutritious and waterproof by adding peat, river sand and dry grass to the soil.

For better air exchange, the soil surface is mulched - sprinkled with sawdust, shavings or sleeping tea.

The soil mixture can be purchased at the store, or you can make it yourself, while the level of its acidity should be maintained at a pH of 5-8, 5. It would be useful to add a little river silt or saprogel to the ground.

The following combinations are possible:

• 1 part of peat-bog land + 1 part of humus +1/6 part of bog silt;
• 2 parts of clay-sod soil + 1 part of rotted leaves + 1 part of peat + 1 part of river sand.

Reproduction

Cyperus can be propagated by seeds or vegetatively.

The first method is rather troublesome and lengthy . To do this, it is necessary to pour the seeds into a container with a sand-peat mixture, and, without sprinkling, moisten it in a drip method, then leave it indoors at a temperature of 17-20 degrees. It is very important to regularly water the substrate and ventilate the "greenhouse". As soon as the first shoots hatch, the greenhouse is moved to a room with diffused lighting, where the cover is already being removed. Seedlings dive, after which they are moved into separate containers, 2-3 pieces each.

In this case, it will be possible to get a full-fledged plant only after a few years, so this method is rarely used in home floriculture.

The grafting method is used much more often . To do this, choose the top of the shoots with dormant buds and a rosette of leaves. The umbrella must be cut off along with the stem (its length should be 5-7 cm), and then turned upside down and sent to the river sand for rooting. The middle of the outlet should be lightly sprinkled with sand and watered daily. After a while, shoots will appear in the areas of contact between the outlet and the substrate.

In its natural habitat, the cyperus leans towards the reservoir and begins to take root, after which the parental stem gradually dies off. Thus, a new plant is formed. This method is often used in indoor landscaping. To do this, one of the tops is slowly tilted, placed in a container with water and fixed without separating it from the main plant. As soon as the roots become noticeable, the outlet is immediately transplanted into a separate container.

But the easiest way to reproduce the rhizome is considered to be the division of the rhizome . The method is good for plants over 2 years old. The bushes are carefully removed from the container, carefully cleaned from the ground, dividing the rhizome. For full development, each formed part must include at least 3 separate shoots.

Keep in mind that the knife should only be used sterilized, and the root cut should be sprinkled with crushed activated charcoal or charcoal.

Diseases and pests

If the basic recommendations for care are not followed, Cyperus often encounters serious problems, among which the following are the most common.

• The leaves become small and lose their brightness . This indicates insufficient lighting. This often happens when the flower is placed on northern windows or located inside a living space. To restore the previous state of the flower, you just need to provide it with the required level of illumination and arrange artificial lighting.
• If the leaves turn yellow, there may be several reasons . Most often this is a consequence of excessively dry air and lack of water. In this case, it is worth turning on air humidifiers and adjusting the irrigation regime. Try to exclude the presence of cyperus near batteries and other heating devices. If the plant begins to dry out, place it in another, larger pot of water for a few days so that it can fully meet its water needs. Depletion of the soil can also cause yellowing and shedding of foliage - in this case, transplanting into a larger pot with replacement of the substrate will help the hermit.
• Hot indoor air often leads to wilting of the bush and its individual parts - the tops of the stems, as well as leaf blades and inflorescences. The installation of climatic equipment in the room or regular ventilation will help to cope with the problem.
• If you saw that cyperus stalled in growth and development , which means the roots are cramped in the container and it needs to be changed to a more voluminous one. After transplantation, the growth and flowering of the culture will resume.
• The appearance of gray spots on leaf plates indicates that the flower is exposed to the bright rays of the sun. This usually happens when Cyperus is standing on the south window. Darken the bush and remove all damaged leaves.
• Staying in cold rooms causes the leaves to become overly soft . It is necessary to transfer the flower to a more comfortable environment as soon as possible.

Like any other domestic plant, cyperus often become victims of the attack of spider mites, as well as mealybugs, scale insects and thrips. The following signs indicate the defeat of pests:

• deformation of the surface of the sheet plates;
• the presence of thin cobwebs in internodes and on the back of the rosettes;
• the appearance of white dots and plaques on the inside of the leaf plate;
• the appearance of midges around the flower;
• sticky bloom or cotton balls on the green parts.

If one of these signs is found, it is necessary to carefully examine the plant, and then remove the pests by a physical method using a sponge dipped in a concentrated solution of laundry soap or tincture of tobacco.

If the measures taken have not brought any result, you should use insecticides, however, it is better to do this on the street, since the preparations contain dangerous volatile substances. Only timely measures of resuscitation of cyperus will help preserve its beauty and health.

You can find out how to plant cyperus by watching the video below.