2024 Author: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-18 12:09
There are several varieties of plywood, and one of the most popular among them is coniferous. This is a great alternative to solid wood, comparing favorably with it in terms of cost. Plywood products have a multi-layer structure, they are manufactured in accordance with GOST 3916-96.
What it is?
Softwood plywood is in great demand; it is chemically impregnated in order to improve its original properties . Peeling technology is used for production, the essence of which is to steam the logs and feed them to the peeling machine for the production of veneer.
On the basis of the obtained sheets, plywood sheets are formed by gluing and pressing.
The main advantages of softwood plywood
- Flawless appearance . Coniferous trees have fewer defects, there are practically no knots and bends on them, which are abundant on birch wood.
- Resinous structure … Spruce woods contain a lot of resin, which increases its resistance to high humidity. Due to the presence of natural resins, it is less susceptible to damage by pests and fungi, and has antiseptic properties.
- Ease … The needles are less dense in comparison with hard wood species. The difference in weight reaches approximately 30%.
- Affordable cost . Hardwood counterparts are more expensive.
Such plywood also has disadvantages, but there are not many of them
- Low density and weight of softwood plywood Is a consequence of a weak structure. Such material is less durable and resistant to wear. With the same composition of chemical treatment, the difference is quite significant.
- In cases where strength characteristics are a priority, the use of coniferous analogs is not recommended .… The high concentration of natural resins leads to the fact that, with prolonged heat exposure, the resin begins to synthesize on the surface.
Characteristics
Coniferous plywood with dimensions 2440x1220x21 mm is in the greatest demand. For its manufacture, spruce or pine wood is used. The arrangement of veneer layers is specific - the fibers are perpendicular to each other.
The main characteristics of softwood plywood are a relatively affordable price and low weight . The material can withstand temperature fluctuations and is moisture resistant.
This type of plywood is easy to process, it can be sawn and drilled, it has the ability to absorb noise, and serves as a heat-insulating layer.
Impregnation with natural resins increases the resistance of the material to mold and mildew. It is quite resistant to aggressive environments.
The emerging wood structure makes the plywood aesthetically pleasing.
Stamps
The quality of plywood is largely determined by the adhesive used to adhere the veneer layers. In accordance with this, several brands of plywood products are distinguished.
- FBA is considered the lowest quality, it is produced using albumin casein glue. Such plywood is environmentally friendly, but it does not tolerate moisture well. Use it only where there is protection against contact with water.
- FSF Is the most demanded brand made with phenol-formaldehyde glue. This is a moisture resistant plywood with good strength characteristics.
- The key difference between the FSF-TV brand and FSF consists in impregnation with fire retardants. Spruce plywood of this type is characterized by low flammability.
- FC are made using urea glue, which increases the hygroscopicity of the material. They are used for the production of furniture products, packaging.
- FB is a moisture-resistant plywood that is not exposed to aggressive environments. Its use is possible even under water. The layers are connected with bakelite glue and impregnated with an identical varnish.
FSF spruce plywood is actively used in the construction of civil and industrial facilities. It acquires its resistance to moisture due to the treatment of veneer with poorly soluble formaldehyde. The impregnated veneer layers are sent under a pressing machine at a high temperature.
GOST allows the synthesis of a small amount of formaldehyde resins and phenolic compounds . This complicates the use of plywood sheets in interior decoration.
Plywood has standard dimensions, sheet thickness is 4-30 mm.
Comparison with other varieties
The main difference between coniferous plywood and birch plywood is its strength characteristics and appearance . It is difficult to give an unequivocal answer which of the materials is better. Much depends on the purpose of its application.
If strength is a priority, then it is preferable to choose birch plywood .… It is about 20-25% stronger than coniferous, but also weighs more. The birch variety is used where increased reliability is required.
Birch veneer has a light shade and a slightly pronounced texture. The coniferous variety, on the other hand, is darker and has a beautiful, well-defined pattern.
Spruce plywood, due to its democratic cost, is often used for wall cladding . If high humidity reigns in the place of its application, preference should be given to the FC brand. The use of such material is also justified in cases where aesthetics are important.
Applications
It is advisable to use plywood from needles in conditions of high humidity, since it is classified as moisture resistant, it is less susceptible to changes.
Bee hives are made on the basis of such material (in such cases, the FBA brand is used, which is environmentally friendly).
Moisture resistance allows coniferous plywood to be used as a substrate when laying laminate or parquet boards. It contributes to the creation of reliable thermal insulation, well resists rotting processes under the influence of moisture.
Despite its weak strength, it can be used for decking under a roof - with an even distribution of the load over the entire area, this factor does not play a decisive role.
Coniferous plywood is used to sheathe wooden buildings; it serves as a heat insulator and is immune to pests and mold.
The affordable price allows you to use this material for the manufacture of packaging products, when performing rough work (with the exception of formwork). In such cases, the strength characteristics are not of great importance, but the costs are significantly reduced.
Spruce plywood of the FSB brand is used to sheathe objects, used in the creation of temporary building structures, it serves as a raw material for the manufacture of other materials.
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