Greenhouse For Cucumbers (56 Photos): How To Make A Mini-greenhouse With Your Own Hands, Options For Small Homemade Designs

2024 Author: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-18 12:09

Cucumbers are considered the most popular crop among gardeners, which, unfortunately, is not easy to grow, since the vegetable requires not only good care, but also certain climatic conditions. Therefore, in order to properly grow cucumbers and get a high yield, most farmers prefer to put greenhouses on their land plots.

These structures are easily installed with your own hands and allow you to plant a vegetable at any time of the year, providing them with the necessary humidity and temperature conditions.

Peculiarities

The greenhouse for cucumbers is a unique design that allows you to conveniently grow a crop, reliably protecting it from the negative effects of the external environment. In addition, the cucumber greenhouse provides plants with enough warmth for their rapid growth, formation and maturation. The main feature of this building is that you can independently adjust the duration and intensity of lighting.

Since direct sunlight sometimes harms the vegetable, the greenhouses must be placed in such a way that the light penetrates well inside, evenly distributed throughout the entire area. To improve the quality of lighting, it is advisable to clean the film or glass of the structure from accumulated dirt and dust once a season.

When installing greenhouses, it is also important to provide for good air circulation, on which the level of humidity inside the installation will directly depend.

Arrogant or insufficient humidity can negatively affect the development of culture, therefore, it is recommended to additionally equip the structures with several vents and try to open the doors for ventilation more often.

In addition, the structure must meet the following requirements:

• have a constant temperature regime - during the day from +22 to 30 degrees and at night from +14 to 18 degrees;
• the ability to maintain the soil temperature not lower than +20;
• maintaining the required humidity at a level of 75 to 80%;
• complete absence of drafts;
• good lighting;
• convenient access for insects during pollination;
• internal provision of the structure with nets, trellises and fasteners for the formation of bushes in an upright position.

Before installing a greenhouse, it is also important to consider such a feature as its location. It is best to place the structure in open areas, far from tall buildings, which can create shading and reduce the maximum level of lighting. Many gardeners prefer to install greenhouses in a west-east direction.

If the unit is located on the south side, then it will be necessary to use projects of buildings with an upper ventilation option, making the end south side darkened. This will help protect the cucumbers from the stinging rays at lunchtime.

It is also important to install a greenhouse on a flat plot of land so that it is possible to freely penetrate into the structure and it is convenient to carry out maintenance work, watering and transporting soil.

Views

Today, growing cucumbers at home has become much easier thanks to installations such as greenhouses. They allow you to plant a vegetable from early spring to late autumn or winter. Depending on the planting conditions and varieties of cucumbers, various types of structures are used, which differ not only in internal climatic conditions, but also in appearance and size.

At the moment, the most popular and widely used types of installation are:

• Arched structures. They are assembled from several arcs, which are placed in one line and covered with a special film on top.
• Single slope greenhouses. They are usually made from polycarbonate sheets. Such structures are distinguished by the presence of a common wall with the main building already located on the land plot.

• Gable greenhouse. It is warm and is a tall, detached structure with an end door. There are projects for a stationary version of a greenhouse, for the construction of which you need to lay a solid foundation with a minimum width of 3 m. For areas where severe climatic conditions, the base of the structure is deepened by 50 cm.
• Simple mini greenhouse. It is also often called an attic, since it looks like a large box filled with soil inside. Suitable for installation both in the attic and in any other room.

• Vertical film greenhouse. The installation consists of metal arcs, which are fixed in one row and covered with polyethylene from above. Due to its mobile appearance and easy installation, this option is often used as a portable one. To provide cucumbers with a favorable climate inside the greenhouse, the edges of the film are fixed to the ground with boards or bricks.
• Russian greenhouse (butterfly). This is a folding type of structure that provides access not only for planting plants, but also for caring for them. Such a structure is considered to be durable, since it has a rounded shape that can withstand hail blows, gusts of wind and layers of snow up to 10 cm thick. In addition, the sliding walls allow you to regularly ventilate the room.

• Polycarbonate greenhouse. Installed from a metal frame covered with polycarbonate. The plates of this material are characterized by a transparency of 85%, they have an insignificant coefficient of heat loss and a high indicator of resistance to the effects of the external environment (snow cover, hail). After warming up in the sun during the day, polycarbonate is able to maintain the temperature inside the greenhouse throughout the night.
• Winter greenhouses. They are permanent structures, often assembled in regions with cold climates or long winters. The structure is heated, quickly assembled and complemented by a good lighting system. To build it, it is enough to have a metal frame, glass or polycarbonate sheets at hand.

In addition to the above varieties, there are also original types of greenhouses, which have a pentagonal shape. A small greenhouse "barrel" is considered an unusual decoration of the site, but it serves only a decorative function.

Materials (edit)

An important point when planning a cucumber greenhouse is the choice of the material from which it was installed. Frames are usually made of planks, wood or metal and are installed once every several seasons. Ideal for frame and PVC pipes, they are easily connected with a soldering iron or fittings. They are characterized by excellent resistance to temperature changes, lightweight and durable. Many gardeners also assemble the base of the structure from a metal profile, but it needs preliminary processing, without which the material can quickly rust.

As for a wooden beam, it is affordable and has a low thermal conductivity . Working with wood is not difficult, since pine species are chosen for greenhouses, which lend themselves well to finishing. The only drawback of such frames is that they look rough.

In addition, the timber should be impregnated with special solutions to protect it from damage and decay.

The following material is used to cover cucumber greenhouses:

• Polyethylene film . Suitable for small structures and is considered an economical option for the price. The film surface transmits light well, but often deteriorates under the influence of ultraviolet rays, after a year it begins to tear and becomes fragile. The formation of holes in the casing of the greenhouse leads to internal acclimatization and all the work on growing cucumbers may be in vain, as the plant will die.
• Polycarbonate . It is an excellent replacement for the film, because it is not afraid of light, heat or cold. A greenhouse can only deteriorate due to severe hail, but such a phenomenon is infrequent. Polycarbonate sheets are durable, light in weight, they are characterized by high light transmittance and rigidity. To protect the material from bacteria and fungus, it is recommended to cover the edges.
• Glass . Greenhouses for cucumbers are rarely covered with glass, because it is too expensive and fragile. Most often, during installation, old window frames are used, which remained after the replacement of double-glazed windows in the house.

Dimensions (edit)

Since cucumbers in greenhouses are formed with vertical growth, the internal area of the structure can be used as much as possible. Therefore, small and narrow greenhouses are often installed, in which the optimal height reaches 2.5 m.

In the event that the building has a gable roof, then the height is made at least 2 m. This allows you to work comfortably and not bend over, planting crops.

According to an individual project, you can also assemble a high greenhouse, then it will be advisable to plant vegetables in it on several floors.

The width of the greenhouse is equally important. If it is small, it will cause a lot of inconvenience. The optimal indicator of width is considered to be at least 3 m. With such parameters, it will be possible to equip the central path, and plant cucumbers on its sides in three rows.

Sometimes gardeners acquire ready-made or prefabricated arched structures, but they have a mini-width . At the same time, it should be noted that the structure will be as strong as possible only with a small width, especially for glass greenhouses.

In many greenhouses, a standard width of 1, 8 to 2, 4 m is set. Accordingly, inside the racks are made 91 or 94 cm wide. To make it convenient to move around the greenhouse during work, experts recommend choosing a width of at least 2.4 m, and install racks with a width of 90 cm on the sides of the aisle. If this figure is more than 4 m, then a central bed and two aisles are formed.

As for the length of the greenhouse, it must be a multiple of 60, which allows the outer cladding to be made with standard-sized panels.

But if desired, the length can be made different. To do this, as a rule, take into account the number of plants and pallets that are planned to be placed on the shelves. Polycarbonate structures made of panels with a width of 1, 22 m increase the length of the greenhouse by a step of 1, 22 m.

The subtleties of the internal device

The finishing touch after the installation of the greenhouse is its internal arrangement. There are certain rules for this. Usually one path is laid out in the middle, and beds are placed on the sides. If the borage is spacious, then two such paths can be made in it, providing convenient access to the plants. It is best to install the track with a width of up to 50 cm and choose an anti-slip material for its cover, since the climate inside the building is humid. Crushed stone coverings and rubber mats are well suited for such greenhouses.

The bed should be high and covered with a thick layer of fertile soil . To raise the beds, special curbs are used, due to which land costs are reduced and the care of the vegetable is simplified. In glass greenhouses, drip irrigation is optional. It fully saturates the earth with water and does not form huge puddles.

In addition, drip irrigation, unlike usual, does not injure the bushes, since water is supplied through the pipeline slowly and has time to warm up before it is fed.

How to build?

Before you start installing a greenhouse for cucumbers, you should first of all prepare the materials. For novice gardeners who plan to install the structure with their own hands, the simplest version of the project is suitable, where wooden beams will be used for the frame, and the sheathing will be made with polycarbonate.

In this case, construction work is divided into several stages:

• Assembling the frame . First, the 40 × 50 beams are cleaned with a planer so that their surface is as smooth and even as possible. It is best to fix the parts with 55 × 4 self-tapping screws. The elements are mounted vertically, they are attached to each other. To do everything right, it is recommended to first assemble the parts in the workshop, and then transfer them into the finished frame to the place where the greenhouse will stand. In the event that the frame structure is unstable, then it can be strengthened with an additional bar along the lower perimeter.
• Installation of the roof and side walls . For their sheathing, polycarbonate sheets with a thickness of at least 10 mm are used. The building material is fixed to the frame with self-tapping screws. For reliability, you can twist self-tapping screws into aluminum plates, and not directly to polycarbonate. When a homemade greenhouse is being built, many are trying to save money and purchase low-quality finishing materials at a low price. But this cannot be done, since such polycarbonate will not withstand the effects of temperature changes and ultraviolet rays, after which it will quickly burst and crumble.

You can also make a greenhouse yourself from film and arcs, its installation technology is simple, since it does not require pouring the foundation.

A small depression is dug under the ground and insulation materials are laid. Arches are best purchased ready-made. They are placed on the site, and then the assembled frame is covered in several layers with a film. In this case, it is advisable to press the roof with heavy objects.

If you need to make a solid greenhouse, then before starting its construction, it is necessary to carefully level the site and check the level of groundwater flow under it. Then a layer of 0.5 m is removed from the ground and crushed stone is poured into the depression, it is well rammed and covered with river sand for compaction.

At the initial stage of installation, a cable is also applied, which is useful for connecting electricity, since an additional lighting system will be installed in the greenhouse. Then the box is placed under the base and the foundation is poured.

The supports for the frame must be made of wooden blocks, and the arcs are made of ordinary wire. As for the greenhouse cover, then it will serve as a reinforced film. It is durable and does not need to be dismantled in winter.

Tips & Tricks

The cultivation of cucumbers is considered to be a rather laborious but effective process. With a well-built greenhouse and good plant maintenance, every gardener can count on a bountiful harvest. Of course, ready-made structures are better, they provide all the parameters of the structure, but you can also assemble a greenhouse with your own hands from scrap materials. The most important thing is to make it convenient for growing vegetables.

To avoid mistakes in the construction of borage greenhouses, it is worth considering the following recommendations of experts:

If the frame is made of wood, then before starting its installation, the bars must be impregnated with special antiseptic agents. This also applies to metal parts. They are treated with anti-corrosion agents. Such an action manages to protect the material from the negative effects of the external environment and extend its service life

• During construction, it is important to maintain the accuracy of the contour lines. In the event that the diagonals are transferred, the structure will turn out to be fragile and will require repair work in the near future.
• The greenhouse needs to be made spacious. Saving on material and installing an uncomfortable tight structure, in the future you will have to face such a problem as a decrease in yield and the development of various diseases in plants. Large greenhouses will reliably protect cucumbers from adverse influences and provide all the necessary conditions for normal growth.

• A good ventilation system must be provided in greenhouses. To do this, you should choose models in which it is possible to open the walls for ventilation.
• Plays a huge role in greenhouses and their internal arrangement. Therefore, special attention is paid to irrigation systems and lighting. For winter structures, the installation of heating will not interfere. It is also worth planning the plantings correctly. If the cucumbers are planted densely, then fungal diseases may appear that affect the vegetable, and the crop will deteriorate.
• To save space in the building, it is recommended to shape the cucumbers with vertical pleasure.

• For small land plots, portable and collapsible greenhouse options are well suited. They are easy to install and can be moved to a convenient location at any time.
• Before you build a greenhouse, you need to carefully study the properties of the soil. If groundwater is located close, then it can cause flooding.