2024 Author: Beatrice Philips | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-09 13:15
In industry or in private affairs, it often becomes necessary to process the soil in some area, to excavate the land. An electric drill is a type of equipment that is used for this in large-scale construction, in everyday life and in gardening. With its help, it became possible to automate heavy manual labor.
What it is?
An electric drill is an automatic alternating current tool that is used to solve problems such as creating earth pits of various types and purposes.
The device is represented by a structure of a stem, handles and an actuator . It is equipped with an electric motor, which is its distinctive feature. Special blades on thrust bearings are attached to the rod (this is the name of the pivot part of the frame), with which the earth is collected and lifted when the unit is buried in the ground during the development of the pit.
The boring mechanism is installed vertically and crushes the soil with support on the tip.
The clamping mechanism of the equipment fixes the direction of drilling in the ground . The principle of operation is based on the fact that the unit is driven, and the blades get rotation and begin to turn, which is provided by a gearbox - a mechanism connected by means of a coupling to the engine device. The higher the input voltage, the higher the torque. The rotational speed with such a motor is not synchronous with the rotation of the stator magnetic field, which is explained by the special design of the rotor.
The efficiency of using electric drills in drilling wells is explained by the use of an electric motor. Its design is well thought out: the cavity is highly airtight, there is good insulation inside, including from the penetration of the working fluid, and constant pressure is also provided. The main components of the soil digging unit are supplied with current through a wire.
Currently, electric drills are widely used in earthworks . Since they first came into use, manufacturers and users have invented many ways to make their operation as convenient, economical in terms of human resources and time as possible.
Appointment
When operating an electric drill, many types of work can be performed without voltage, due to the fact that the device can be used immediately after it has been turned on, moreover, it has a high performance.
During the work, small mechanical costs are noted, which is a plus: the efficiency is seventy percent
It is difficult to work manually with high-density soil, especially if it contains elements that prevent drilling (stones or other rocks, roots), and the use of the unit greatly facilitates the development of the soil.
The electric drill will have to "go to the yard" in summer cottages and in gardening … They can loosen the soil and make holes of the required depth for planting various crops, be it ornamental shrubs or young trees. Therefore, it is very common to use the unit in the summer, especially among land owners. An earth auger can be mounted on a drill or screwdriver and used for any purpose, cultivating the soil.
An electric drill is used when installing fences and you need to make recesses in the ground for a fence . Similarly, when laying the foundation of any structure, foundation, it becomes necessary to drill the soil for piles. Sometimes it becomes necessary to drill ice, which again comes to the aid of an electric tool. Convenience is due to the fact that you can use different blades.
But in order to successfully use the tool, you need to decide what its characteristics will be required for successful work as intended. So, the diameter and type of blades, the length of the stem, differ. For earthworks of various types, units suitable in terms of power are selected accordingly.
Removable blades of drilling machines can be screw-shaped, auger or disk
In the case when it is required to obtain a pit with smooth edges that would not crumble, a nozzle is used, which is a pipe with a spiral of the blade around it - this is an auger. They can drill tunnels in the ground, it is used for water wells, and is also suitable for making holes for posts.
During serious work, double-spiral augers are most useful, with their help it is easier to lift dense soil than single-spiral ones.
The auger must be selected according to the type of soil to be dealt with . For example, for ground that is frozen and covered with ice, the store always has a separate type of durable nozzle.
Auger blades are very popular because they are the most practical and versatile . A garden drill is capable of making depressions in the ground up to a meter, thus, it is possible to make holes for the basis of light structures: swings, benches. Such a manual, electric soil drill is suitable for summer residents, it can be used even in rocky ground.
The disc type is represented by a nozzle in the form of blades attached to a rod, located at an angle to each other. May be useful for the vegetable garden.
The length of the rod is selected based on the height of the user and the required pit depth. Working at an angle with an electric drill is not always convenient and, moreover, unsafe, therefore the length of the stem is an important characteristic. For borehole drilling, it will be optimal to choose a rod of 1, 5-2 m.
Units with an electric motor operate from the mains . The cordless drill is very convenient because it can drill even without plugging into an outlet. If you plan to work for a long time, it is better to use an extension cord, because the battery may be discharged.
Popular brands
Today, electric drills allow you to do a lot of work. If there were no these tools, the efficiency of solving many problems would be significantly reduced. Due to the fact that now suppliers offer equipment that meets the needs of consumers, labor productivity has increased significantly, and less and less human effort is expended.
Drill manufacturers are competing for market leadership and are trying to improve new equipment models. The most popular brands are:
- STIHL;
- EFCO;
- ECHO.
STIHL - the first domestic company producing a variety of technical equipment at attractive prices. The models presented by this brand are getting a lot of positive reviews. Buyers note the decent quality of the products. As for electric drills, STIHL guarantees a long service life for the unit.
There is a large selection of drill models designed for different work formats.
Technique for any even the most specific taste is realized by the following brand - EFCO specializing mainly in garden equipment. It is not surprising that this Italian brand is so famous on the Russian market: official dealerships sell its products in many countries. The drills of this company are very durable and are used for tasks of all sizes, from making ice holes for fishing to responsible professional work.
Third, Japanese manufacturer , supplies electric drills that, like other product lines, have earned international recognition. This is no coincidence: the technology is distinguished by its simplicity of design and, at the same time, exceptional reliability. The well thought-out design of the land and ice drills promises protection against any accidental breakage. In addition, the units are very powerful, they are even used for excavation work with dry and stony ground.
Popular brands "Zubr", Fiskars, they are successfully used when creating pits for various purposes (for wells, piles, etc.)
In order not to be accidentally deceived and in order to purchase a high-quality electric drill that meets all the characteristics, you should avoid unverified suppliers.
Well-known brands have become popular due to the reliability of time-tested products, cooperation with official dealers of such brands provides a quality guarantee.
Nuances of choice
When the question arises of choosing an electric drill suitable for the soil, it is important to determine the conditions in which the unit will be used. Based on the type of soil prevailing in the working area, it is decided what power of the device is optimal. Serious large-scale work is carried out using a device that is somewhat larger than a household electric drill.
The parameters of the device determine its cost and scope of operation. Thus, an electric drill of low power (about 1.5 kW) will be a good option for solving simple tasks such as making single holes for seedlings in a summer cottage. If the product is to be used in a large construction project, where pile drilling and other deep holes in the ground may also be required, then you will need a drill with a capacity of at least 2 kW.
The equipment of the unit also plays an equally important role and it is worth paying attention to when choosing. For example, for household work, the diameter of the nozzle can be no more than 15 or 20 mm.
The diameter of the nozzles depends on the massiveness of the structures drilling the soil. The nozzle that comes with the electric drill can be replaced with new ones as needed.
To take advantage of all the advantages that an electric drill has in comparison with other drilling devices, do not purchase a unit if you are in doubt about the supplier's integrity. Then you can appreciate the bonuses that the use of an electric drill gives. Namely - economy in energy consumption, noiselessness and harmlessness to the environment, because during operation no poisonous exhaust gases are emitted into the atmosphere.
Operating rules
When using equipment such as an electric drill, it is important to observe storage and safety regulations during use. Following simple guidelines will help extend tool life, avoid premature failure, and prevent injury.
- Metal parts of the device can be corrosive. Therefore, to protect the blades and the rod from rusting, they are coated with a special anti-corrosion coating or metal paint.
- To make drilling easy, the sharpness of the blade is periodically checked and sharpened if necessary.
- Unexpected breakage of the unit may be caused by using an unsuitable blade for the type of soil. Therefore, before drilling, the soil is first examined, and it would be better to slightly loosen the top layer.
- The electric drill lifts the earth up and can break if you work without interruption and shutdown to remove accumulated earth from the auger. Stop drilling periodically and remove excess soil. This will help avoid kinking and breakage.
- Be careful not to injure yourself.
- After completion of the work, it is important to clean up adhering soil and check the condition of the equipment.
As with any other equipment, the electric drill requires attention during operation and timely basic care.
How to do it yourself?
If there is a pit drill with an electric motor, then there is no more need to strain, digging the ground with a shovel. The tool now does everything by itself, with it you can make pits for various purposes, you can lead water to the site, lay the foundation of the house and decorate the garden by planting trees.
Instead of buying, as an option, do-it-yourself electric drills from scrap materials. Designing a quality unit is a feasible task for everyone. A homemade drill is not inferior to the one that you purchased ready-made.
Moreover, freedom is given to the inventor to make his own changes: modifications endow the device with additional functions and facilitate work.
Such useful modifications are: increasing the number of tiers of blades; adding a box in which soil is collected, etc.
You can create just such a unit that would be ideal for drilling. The type of attachment and the size of the blades, power, dimensions of the equipment, characteristics of the engine according to the properties of the soil are independently determined.
To get a reliable new electric drill, you need to assemble parts such as the cutting part, stem, handles and motor . Circular discs can serve as blades, and for self-creation of the auger, you can look for a suitable model - ready-made drawings are used to create working nozzles from a template. The electric motor is made from a hammer drill, and a powerful motor is obtained from the starter and gearbox of the drill.
With your own hands from an electric cultivator, it is easy to create an effective machine for cultivating the land, including plowing it and removing roots from it, which the drill copes well with. What do you need to start designing?
Tools and materials
One of the simplest options for a homemade drill is a drill unit. The tool is ideal to use to develop your own powerful technique.
It is designed for long-term operation, makes it possible to use different types of drill bits. But the same lawn mower is not as simple as it seems at first glance, and if you make an electric drill out of it, then difficulties may arise due to the gearbox.
So, before you start, you will need the following materials:
- drill;
- worm gear, it is easy to install;
- Bulgarian;
- steel discs of the required diameter, depending on the size of the pit.
You can get to work.
Manufacturing steps
- On discs, the number of which corresponds to the number of tiers of the cutting part, make holes in the middle for the stem. The hole must be equal to the diameter of the bar.
- Cut the disks so that you get the sectors of the circle.
- Spiral weld the discs, connect them to the rings.
- The ideal tip is a metal drill, which makes the drilling process easier. A sharpened pike is less comfortable.
- The tip is placed 5 cm below the auger nozzle.
- We sharpen the tip of the drill, the auger.
- Now a nozzle is installed on the drill with a gearbox.
The universal electric drill is ready to use.
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